Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) pyrolysis utilizing a thermogravimetric analyzer with presence of nano-catalyst: kinetic and thermodynamic study

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Applied Nanoscience Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) is a commonly used plastic in the industry, but it is difficult to recycle due to its tendency to produce a range of gaseous products during catalytic cracking. The current research aimed to study the effectiveness of nano-nickel oxide and nano-vanadium oxide as catalysts for the cracking of PET utilizing a thermogravimetric analyzer. The doping of the catalysts and subsequent hydrogen treatment led to a significant reduction in their sizes, with reductions of at least 50%. Of the tested catalyst–PET combinations, the V2O5-doped NiO reduction had the best activation energy at 183.8 kJ/mol and the lowest residual weight percent at 0.12 wt%. Neat PET without a catalyst was found to have a higher activation energy, ranging from 248 to 292 kJ/mol. The PET mixed with V2O5-doped NiO using the reduction method had the highest conversion rate with a maximum derivative weight percent of 19.2%, while PET mixed with V2O5-doped NiO and PET mixed with nano-V2O5 using the reduction method had a lower conversion rate of 15%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Not applicable.

References

  • Bouzbib M, Rohoncz J, Sinko K (2022) Effect of vanadium precursor on dip-coated vanadium oxide thin films. J Sol Gel Sci Technol 105:278–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ruan R (2020) Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of formic acid pretreated bamboo sawdust for bio-oil production. Environ Res 182:108988

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das P, Tiwari P (2019) Thermal degradation study of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) under inert and oxidative environments. Thermochim Acta 679:178340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz Silvarrey LS, Phan AN (2016) Kinetic study of municipal plastic waste. Int J Hydrogen Energy 41:16352–16364

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz-Silvarrey LS, McMahon A, Phan AN (2018) Benzoic acid recovery via waste poly (ethylene terephthalate)(PET) catalytic pyrolysis using sulphated zirconia catalyst. J Anal Appl Pyrol 134:621–631

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fang H, Luo Z, Yang H, Wu Y (2014) The effects of the size and the doping concentration on the power factor of n-type lead telluride nanocrystals for thermoelectric energy conversion. Nano Lett 14(3):1153–1157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fattahi M, Kazemeini M, Khorasheh F, Rashidi AM (2015) Morphological investigations of nanostructured V 2 O 5 over graphene used for the ODHP reaction: from synthesis to physiochemical evaluations. Catal Sci Technol 5(2):910–924

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gebre SH (2023) Recent developments of supported and magnetic nanocatalysts for organic transformations: an up-to-date review. Appl Nanosci 13:15–63

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holland BJ, Hay JN (2002) The thermal degradation of PET and analogous polyesters measured by thermal analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polymer 43(6):1835–1847

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaban APS, Rahmat NG, Fatriansyah JF (2020) Kinetics of catalytic pyrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic polymer with zeolite. AIP Conf Proceed 2262:050007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kotta A, Seo HK (2020) Facile synthesis of highly conductive vanadium-doped NiO film for transparent conductive oxide. Appl Sci 10(16):5415

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Gullon I, Esperanza M, Font R (2001) Kinetic model for the pyrolysis and combustion of poly-(ethylene terephthalate)(PET). J Anal Appl Pyrolysis 58:635–650

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammed SA, Al Amouri L, Yousif E, Abd Ali A, Mabood F, Abbas HF, Alyaqoobi S (2018) Synthesis of NiO: V2O5 nanocomposite and its photocatalytic efficiency for methyl orange degradation. Heliyon 4(3):e00581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murugesan K, Sivakumar P, Palanisamy P (2016) An Overview on synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles. S Asian J Eng and Technol 2(14):58–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Niksiar A, Faramarzi AH, Sohrabi M (2015) Kinetic study of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pyrolysis in a spouted bed reactor. J Anal Appl Pyrol 113:419–425

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Özsin G, Kılıç M, Apaydin-Varol E, Pütün AE, Pütün E (2020) A thermo-kinetic study on co-pyrolysis of oil shale and polyethylene terephthalate using TGA/FT-IR. Korean J Chem Eng 37:1888–1898

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvizi MR, Ardjmand M, Habibzadeh S (2022) Synthesis and characterization of nanocatalyst of Co–Mo/Al2O3-TiO2 for the olefin hydrogenation of pyrolysis gasoline. Appl Nanosci 12:2695–2706

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patil HR, Murthy Z (2019) Ionic liquid assisted vanadium pentoxide synthesis through sol–gel method: catalyst support for broad molecular weight distribution polyethylene synthesis. Arab J Chem 12(8):4490–4501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poletto M (2016) Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic study of pine wood pyrolysis. Revis Ciência Da Madeira 7(2):111–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi S, Yousefi MR, Rostamizadeh M (2021) Metal-doped high silica ZSM-5 nanocatalyst for efficient conversion of plastic to value-added hydrocarbons. Polym Degrad Stab 191:109653

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Run M, Zhang D, Wu S, Wu G (2007) Thermal decomposition of poly (ethylene terephthalate)/mesoporous molecular sieve composites. Front Chem Eng China 1:50–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahi A, Roozbehani B, Mirdrikvand M (2022) Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polyethylene terephthalate granules using a Lewis-Brønsted acid sites catalyst. Clean Technol Environ Policy 24(3):779–787

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma R, Yadav K (2018) Effect of lattice defects on the structural and optical properties of Ni1− XAgXO (where X= 0.0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15) nanoparticles. Appl Phys A 124(2):1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shrivathsa V, Shetty SS, Bhat S, Jayarama A, Pinto R (2022) Effect of precursor dilution solvents on the growth of V2O5 thin films using spray pyrolysis. Mater Today Proceed 66:2499–2503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh N, Umar A, Singh N, Fouad H, Alothman OY, Haque FZ (2018) Highly sensitive optical ammonia gas sensor based on Sn Doped V2O5 Nanoparticles. Mater Res Bull 108:266–274

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slewa LH, Abbas TA, Ahmed NM (2020) Effect of Sn doping and annealing on the morphology, structural, optical, and electrical properties of 3D (micro/nano) V2O5 sphere for high sensitivity pH-EGFET sensor. Sens Actuators B Chem 305:127515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Somwanshi SB, Somvanshi SB, Kharat PB (2020) Nanocatalyst: A brief review on synthesis to applications. J Phys Conf Ser 1644:012046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang G, Morrin A, Li M, Liu N, Luo X (2018) Nanomaterial-doped conducting polymers for electrochemical sensors and biosensors. J Mater Chem B 6(25):4173–4190

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C-C, Lu C-L, Shieu F-S, Shih HC (2021) Structure and photoluminescence properties of thermally synthesized V2O5 and Al-doped V2O5 nanostructures. Materials 14(2):359

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xueliang Cui Y, Long XZ et al (2018) Pd-doped Ni nanoparticle-modified N-doped carbon nanocatalyst with high Pd atom utilization for the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes. Green Chem 20(5):1121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao J, Li Y, Massé RC, Uchaker E, Cao G (2018) Revitalized interest in vanadium pentoxide as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries and beyond. Energy Storage Mater 11:205–259

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Our sincere appreciation to University of Nizwa for great facilities available which have been used to complete this research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman

    Hazim F. Abbas, Salam A. Mohammed & Aisha Rashid

  2. National Chair of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman

    Mohammed AbdulHakim ALssadi

  3. Chemistry Department, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Emad Yousif

Authors
  1. Hazim F. Abbas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Salam A. Mohammed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mohammed AbdulHakim ALssadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Aisha Rashid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Emad Yousif
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Salam A. Mohammed.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abbas, H.F., Mohammed, S.A., ALssadi, M.A. et al. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) pyrolysis utilizing a thermogravimetric analyzer with presence of nano-catalyst: kinetic and thermodynamic study. Appl Nanosci 13, 6319–6329 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-023-02901-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-023-02901-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation