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Thermal, electrical, morphological and hydrophobic properties of bio-silica reinforced bio-benzoxazine nanocomposites

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Abstract

In this study, we have developed bio-based nanocomposites of polybenzoxazine from bio-benzoxazine resins (C-Fu-BZ and E-Fu-BZ) that are armored with varying weight percentages (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) of functionalized silica from cow manure (FCMS). These materials are intended for applications that call for high performance materials. Fourier-transform infrared was used to determine the molecular structure of benzoxazines (FTIR). Eugenol-based matrices and composites had superior heat stability than bio-benzoxazines (C-Fu-PBZ and E-Fu-PBZ) and bio-benzoxazine composites in terms of morphology and water contact angle. 1 weight percent of bio-silica-loaded C-Fu-PBZ at 1 MHz was 3.34 for the composite. The 3, 5, and 7 weight percents of FCMS embedded C-Fu-PBZ composites are also discovered to be 2.86, 2.27, and 1.62, respectively. The dielectric constant values for E-Fu-PBZ and 1, 3, and 5 weight percent of FCMS-loaded E-Fu PBZ composites are 4.73, 4.05, 3.57, 2.82, and 2.16 respectively. The contact angle for C-Fu-PBZ reinforced with 1 wt% FCMS is 96°, whereas the contact angles for C-Fu-PBZ reinforced with 3, 5, and 7 wt% bio-silica were found to be 103°, 114°, and 126°, respectively. The E-Fu-PBZ biocomposites values are similarly 86°, 91°, 99°, and 108°. The cardanol-based polybenzoxazine bio-composites have greater values of water contact angle than the eugenol-based polybenzoxazines among the C-Fu-PBZ and E-Fu-PBZ matrices and FCMS-loaded composites. The FCMS distributions and uniform dispersion in the C-Fu-PBZ and E-Fu-PBZ polybenzoxazine matrices were seen in the TEM pictures. Data obtained from different studies for bio-based benzoxazines (C-Fu-BZ and E-Fu-BZ) indicate that the polybenzoxazine matrices and their composites have excellent thermal stability and good hydrophobic behavior suitable to employ them for coatings materials for different industrial products.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support of Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603 110, India

    Chandramohan Ayyavu, Parthiban Rangasamy, Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar & Sathishkumar Kannaiyan

  2. Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603 110, India

    Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar

  3. Polymer Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Neelambur, Coimbatore, 641 062, India

    Alagar Muthukaruppan

  4. Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, 632115, India

    Dinakaran Kannaiyan

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Ayyavu, C., Rangasamy, P., Senthil Kumar, P. et al. Thermal, electrical, morphological and hydrophobic properties of bio-silica reinforced bio-benzoxazine nanocomposites. Appl Nanosci 13, 4193–4205 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-023-02840-3

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