Abstract
An important factor resulted from the ascension of the milk and milk-based by-products production is many effluents directly released into the environment. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the combination of the chemical coagulation, with ferric chloride as a coagulant, and the membrane separation processes (MSP) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes in the treatment of effluents from a powdered milk dairy industry. To evaluate the effectiveness of the integration of these mechanisms, the characterization of the effluents was carried out through Total Nitrogen (Ntotal), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), color, pH, and turbidity analysis. Regarding the treatments with ferric chloride, the Ntotal removal was up to 55.7% (concentration of 1.2 g L− 1) and the color up to 50% (0.7 g L− 1). For the MSP and RO treatments, the color removal was up to 100% (1st RO), turbidity up to 100% (1st RO), COD up to 98.7% (3rd RO), and TOC up to 96.7% (3rd RO). Finally, the integration of the chemical coagulation and MSP processes was efficient for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater and provides the return of water in appropriate characteristics according to legislation.
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Funding
The authors thank URI Erechim, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [Grants Numbers 308936/2017-5; 428180/2018-3; 306241/2020-0], Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) [Grant Number 001] and Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) [Grant Number 16/2551-0000522-2].
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AC, RD, and JS conceptualized the study. All authors analyzed, interpreted the data and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Bortoluzzi, A.C., Demaman Oro, C.E., dos Santos, M.S.N. et al. Combination of chemical coagulation and membrane-based separation for dairy wastewater treatment. J Food Sci Technol 60, 84–91 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05590-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05590-2