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In vivo anti-lipidemic and antioxidant potential of collagen peptides obtained from great hammerhead shark skin waste

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of fish collagen peptides (FCP) derived from the skin of great hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran) in attenuating the high fat diet-alcohol induced hyperlipidemia. The oral supplementation of FCP in high fat diet-alcohol fed experimental rats confirmed the regulation of body weight to normal level. The FCP treated group revealed the efficient lipid lowering ability by enhancing the cholesterol metabolism. Western blot analysis of the lipid metabolic enzymes revealed that the oral-intake of FCP has down-regulated the expression levels of fatty acid synthase and 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR). Simultaneously, the expression levels of Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in liver was up-regulated. Histopathology analysis of liver tissues demonstrated that the FCP treated group maintained normal liver parenchyma with moderate inflammatory infiltration, whereas the statin treated group developed centrilobular fibrosis, atrophy of hepatocytes and moderate inflammatory infiltration. Oral dietary supplementation of FCP enhanced the activity levels of both superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes and, lowered the levels of lipid peroxidation in liver tissues.

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Abbreviations

ABTS:

2,2′Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt

ASC:

Acid soluble collagen

BHT:

Butylated hydroxytoluene

CPCSEA:

Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals

ELISA:

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

FAS:

Fatty acid synthase

FCP:

Fish collagen peptides

FCH:

Fish collagen hydrolysate

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

H&E:

Haematoxylin and eosin

HDL-C:

High density lipoprotein- cholesterol

HMG CoA:

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

HMGCR:

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase

LCAT:

Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase

LDL-C:

Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

NC:

Normal control

PBS:

Phosphate buffered saline

PC:

Positive control

PUFA:

Poly unsaturated fatty acid

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SDS-PAGE:

Sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

Stat:

Statin

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglyceride

VLDL-C:

Very low-density lipoprotein- cholesterol

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Director, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR-CIFT), Cochin, Kerala, India for providing the facilities to carry out this work and also for granting permission to publish the data acquired from the study. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to ICAR for providing funds to carry out the research work under ICAR-National Fellow Scheme. The authors are grateful to Dr. Rohit and Dr. Reghu Nandan, Clinical Pathologists, MedHelix Laboratory for doing histopathology analysis and interpretation of the data. The authors are grateful to the Dr. B. Ganesan (Chief Technical Officer, Animal lab facility), Mrs. P. A. Jaya (Technical Officer), Mr. P. Suresh (Senior Technician), Mrs. N. Lekha (Technical Officer) ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Cochin, Kerala for providing technical support to carry out the analyses.

Funding

ICAR-National Fellow Scheme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala, 682059, India

    Divya K. Vijayan, Sreerekha Perumcherry Raman, Pavan Kumar Dara, Rosemol M. Jacob, Suseela Mathew, Anandan Rangasamy & Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao

  2. Center of Excellence in Food Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi, 682506, India

    Divya K. Vijayan

  3. Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry, CUSAT, Cochin, Kerala, 682016, India

    Sreerekha Perumcherry Raman

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  1. Divya K. Vijayan
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Contributions

Research concept- Dr. DKV, Dr. RA, Research design- Dr. DKV, Dr. RA, Dr SM, Supervision- Dr RA and Dr SM and Dr CNR, Experiments- Dr. DKV, Dr. PRS, Data analysis and Interpretation- Dr. DKV, Dr. PKD, Ms. MRJ, Dr. RA, Dr SM, Writing article- Dr. DKV, Dr. PKD, Ms. MRJ, Critical review- Dr SM, Dr CNR, Article editing- Dr. PKD, Ms. MRJ, Final approval- Dr SM, Dr CNR.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anandan Rangasamy.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The experimental rats were maintained and performed as per the guidelines on the regulation of scientific experiments on animals of Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Govt. of India and approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology.

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Vijayan, D.K., Perumcherry Raman, S., Dara, P.K. et al. In vivo anti-lipidemic and antioxidant potential of collagen peptides obtained from great hammerhead shark skin waste. J Food Sci Technol 59, 1140–1151 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05118-0

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