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Comparative milk metabolite profiling for exploring superiority of indigenous Indian cow milk over exotic and crossbred counterparts

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Abstract

This study was planned to identify differences in the milk metabolite composition of Indian (Sahiwal), exotic (Holstein–Friesian) and their crossbred cows in intensive system of management. To mimic the management system of ancient India, indigenous cattle under extensive system (zero input) were also included. Holstein–Friesian (HF) had significantly higher amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA, 76.3%) as compared to the crossbred (73.3%) and Sahiwal (68.0%). HF had the highest concentration (42.7%) of hypercholesterolemic fatty acids and the maximum value (68.5) of athrogenecity index (AI). Sahiwal had the highest proportion (32.1%) of total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Mineral, vitamin, n-3 fatty acids and total amount of essential amino acids did not vary across the three groups. Milk of indigenous cattle maintained only on grazing had more favorable nutrient profile. It had low SFA (61.4%), high UFA (38.6%) and higher concentrations of both monounsaturated fatty acids (31.4%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (7.2%). The n-6/n-3 ratio (2.7) and the AI (33.9) were significantly lower. Significantly higher concentrations of minerals (Zn, Fe, P and Cu) and vitamins except vitamin B5 were recorded in their milk. The study revealed that milk metabolite characteristics can be used to promote indigenous cattle.

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Acknowledgement

The authors wish to thank Director General, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government of Haryana, India, for granting the permission of milk sample collection. Help rendered by Dr Sangeeta Dalal, Government Livestock Farm, Hisar in the selection of animals and collection of milk sample and Director ICAR-NBAGR, Karnal for extending logistic support is duly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India

    Rekha Sharma, Sonika Ahlawat, R. A. K. Aggarwal & M. S. Tantia

  2. Punjab Biotechnology Incubator, Mohali, Punjab, 160 059, India

    Ajit Dua

  3. ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India

    Vivek Sharma

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  1. Rekha Sharma
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  2. Sonika Ahlawat
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  3. R. A. K. Aggarwal
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  4. Ajit Dua
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  5. Vivek Sharma
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  6. M. S. Tantia
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Correspondence to Rekha Sharma.

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Sharma, R., Ahlawat, S., Aggarwal, R.A.K. et al. Comparative milk metabolite profiling for exploring superiority of indigenous Indian cow milk over exotic and crossbred counterparts. J Food Sci Technol 55, 4232–4243 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3360-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3360-2

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