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Comparative study of emulsifying properties in acidic condition of soluble polysaccharides fractions obtained from soy hull and defatted soy flour

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Abstract

The present study compares the emulsifying properties in acidic conditions of hull soluble polysaccharides (HSPS), soybean soluble polysaccharides (SSPS) and its mixtures. These fractions were obtained from byproducts of soybean processing industry (soy hull and residual fiber after isolation of soy cotyledon protein, respectively). Although SSPS is already characterized, HSPS is a novel fraction which has not been studied in deep and it is still unexplored as emulsifier. Dispersions of both fraction and a mixture 50:50 of them at pH 3.0 were used as aqueous phase (1.0–3.0 % w/w) in coarse and fine oil-in-water emulsions (oil mass fraction = 0.3). Its stability was evaluated through the evolution of backscattering profiles (%BS), particle size distribution and mean particle diameters. The rheology of the emulsions was also analyzed. Both fractions provided stability to creaming when increasing the polysaccharide concentration and energy of homogenization. While coarse emulsions were unstable systems, fine emulsions were stable enough and allowed a deeper analysis of the destabilizing processes. A bridging flocculation phenomenon in the presence of HSPS and HSPS/SSPS mixtures is suggested, which influences the creaming and rheological behavior. Also, coalescence index increases according HSPS and HSPS/SSPS concentrations, but particle sizes reached were smaller than in SSPS emulsions. Fine emulsions with 3 % of HSPS/SSPS mixtures yielded the best results on the overall stability at 28 days. So, functional properties of the fractions may improve by the formulation of emulsions consisting in mixtures of them. These results are of interest to the manufacturing of acidic foods, taking advantage of obtaining byproducts from residual materials.

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Abbreviations

HSPS:

Hull soluble polysaccharides

SSPS:

Soybean soluble polysaccharides

HSPS/SSPS:

Mixtures 50/50 of hull soluble polysaccharides and soybean soluble polysaccharides

O/W emulsion:

Oil-in-water emulsion

%BS profiles:

Profiles of backscattering

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Acknowledgments

The authors of this article gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Universidad Nacional de Quilmes (I+D Grant PUNQ 53/1007). Authors wish to thank Bunge Argentina S. A. (San Martín, Argentina) for kindly providing us the defatted soybean flour, and Lic. Matías Alancay (UNJu, Argentina) for helping with galacturonic acid determination.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Laboratorio de Investigación en Funcionalidad y Tecnología de Alimentos (LIFTA), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

      María Cecilia Porfiri, Darío Marcelino Cabezas & Jorge Ricardo Wagner

    2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

      María Cecilia Porfiri, Darío Marcelino Cabezas & Jorge Ricardo Wagner

    Authors
    1. María Cecilia Porfiri
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    2. Darío Marcelino Cabezas
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    3. Jorge Ricardo Wagner
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    Correspondence to Darío Marcelino Cabezas.

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    Highlights

    1. HSPS and SSPS were extracted from seed coat and cotyledon of soybean respectively

    2. Both fractions were effective in the formulation and stabilization of acidic O/W emulsions

    3. Higher concentrations stabilize emulsions to creaming and reduces mean droplet sizes

    4. The presence of a mixture of the fractions improved the stability of the emulsions

    5. This is of interest to the manufacturing of acidic foods making use of residual materials

    María Cecilia Porfiri and Darío M. Cabezas contributed equally to this work.

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    Porfiri, M.C., Cabezas, D.M. & Wagner, J.R. Comparative study of emulsifying properties in acidic condition of soluble polysaccharides fractions obtained from soy hull and defatted soy flour. J Food Sci Technol 53, 956–967 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2149-9

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2149-9

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