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Apple phenolics as nutraceuticals: assessment, analysis and application

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Abstract

Humankind is presently engulfed by convenience quench, modern life style and urbanized diet system leading to progression in array of health disorders. The past decade confronted cardiometabolic disorder (21.8 %), lower respiratory and chronic obstructive lung disease (12.5 %) as the major causes of death world over. In anticipation, scientific communities' have demonstrated the role of healthy diets, especially those rich in fruits and vegetables, for management of such health related issues. These horticultural  crops are considered as a good source of polyphenols such as dihydrochalcones, flavanols, flavonols, anthocyanins and phenolic acids. The present article reviews the efforts made to assess the potential of apple phenolic compounds present in fresh fruits, leaves, bark and pomace as dietary polyphenols. Considering the positive impact of such phytochemicals on human health, various nutraceuticals, dietary supplements and phenolic-rich food products are presently available on market shelves. On analytical front, improved instrumentation based on liquid chromatography (HPLC, UPLC, LC/MS/MS) have made the assessment of phenolics more rapid and reliable. Thus, owing to the emergent interest in natural compounds, it is pertinent to discuss the latest significant research findings on therapeutic aspects along with probable metabolic mechanisms of dietary polyphenols found in apples and their implications on human health.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Director, CSIR-IHBT Palampur for continuous encouragement and for providing necessary facilities. Authors also acknowledge Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi (AGROPATHY Network Project) and Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, GOI, for financial support.

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  1. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India

    Shalika Rana & Shashi Bhushan

  2. Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India

    Shalika Rana & Shashi Bhushan

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  1. Shalika Rana
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Correspondence to Shashi Bhushan.

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Research highlights

• Potential of phenolic present in different parts of apple fruit as dietary polyphenols.

• Assessment of different analytical methods for identification of phenolics

• Extraction and analysis of phenolics

• Deciphering the biological properties of apple phenolics

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Rana, S., Bhushan, S. Apple phenolics as nutraceuticals: assessment, analysis and application. J Food Sci Technol 53, 1727–1738 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2093-8

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