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Simultaneous analysis of herbicides pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen, imazethapyr and quizalofop-p-ethyl by LC–MS/MS and safety evaluation of their harvest time residues in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Abstract

This paper reports a simple and rapid method for simultaneous determination of the residues of selected herbicides viz. pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen, imazethapyr and quizalofop-p-ethyl in peanut by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A modified approach of the QuEChERS methodology was used to extract the herbicides from the peanut kernel without any clean-up. The method showed excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99) with no significant matrix effect. Accuracy of the method in terms of average recoveries of all the four herbicides ranged between 69.4 –94.4 % at spiking levels of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.25 mg kg−1 with intra-day and inter-day precision RSD (%) between 2.6–16.6 and 8.0–11.3, respectively. Limit of quantification (LOQs) was 5.0 μg kg−1 for pendimethalin, imazethapyr and quizalofop-p-ethyl and 10.0 μg kg−1 for oxyfluorfen. The expanded uncertainties were <11 % for determination of these herbicides in peanut. The proposed method was successfully applied for analysis of these herbicide residues in peanut samples harvested from the experimental field and the residues were below the detection level.

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Acknowledgment

The authors are thankful to Director, Directorate of Groundnut Research (ICAR), Junagadh and Director, National Research Centre for Grapes (ICAR), Pune, for providing necessary facilities for conducting the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India

    Ajoy Saha, Debarati Bhaduri & N. K. Jain

  2. National Referral Laboratory, National Research Centre for Grapes Pune, 412307, Maharashtra, India

    Ahammed Shabeer T. P., Kaushik Banerjee, Sandip Hingmire & Sagar Utture

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  1. Ajoy Saha
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Saha, A., Shabeer T. P., A., Banerjee, K. et al. Simultaneous analysis of herbicides pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen, imazethapyr and quizalofop-p-ethyl by LC–MS/MS and safety evaluation of their harvest time residues in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). J Food Sci Technol 52, 4001–4014 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1473-9

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