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Self-efficacy of the First-degree Relatives of Patients with Breast Cancer in the Prevention of Cancer: Using the Health Belief Model

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Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. The best method to fight this disease is early diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of education based on the health belief model on self-efficacy of the first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in Tehran in 2016 on 80 first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. After purposive sampling, the subjects were assigned to interventions and control groups using the randomized block design. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including questions about demographic data, health belief model, and self-efficacy. The educational intervention was held during four 90-min sessions. The questionnaires were completed before and 8 weeks after the intervention in both groups. The data were analyzed using the SPSS16 software. The educational intervention led to a significant increase in susceptibility (d = 1.17, 95%CI 0.69, 1.66), seriousness (d = 1.11, 95%CI 0.62, 1.59), benefits (d = 1.58, 95%CI 1.06, 2.09), and significant decrease in perceived barriers (d = − 0.73, 95%CI 0.27, 1.19) scores in the intervention group. The self-efficacy score in the intervention group was increased from 7.58 to 9.20, which was statistically significant (d = 1.72, 95%CI 1.19, 2.25). However, in the control group, there was no significant difference in self-efficacy score before and after the intervention (p = 0.45). The present study confirmed the effectiveness of the health belief model in promoting self-efficacy of the first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. Therefore, it is recommended that this education program is implemented for women, especially the first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Reproductive Health Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Behjat Khorsandi, Zohreh Khakbazan & Farnaz Farnam

  2. Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Habib Allah Mahmoodzadeh

  3. Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hamid Haghani

  4. Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center. Department of Reproductive Health Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Damghanian

Authors
  1. Behjat Khorsandi
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  2. Zohreh Khakbazan
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  3. Habib Allah Mahmoodzadeh
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  4. Hamid Haghani
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  5. Farnaz Farnam
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  6. Maryam Damghanian
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maryam Damghanian.

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This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (decree code IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1395.60) and was registered at the Iranian Center for Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the code of IRCT2016082129446N1. It should be noted that this study was conducted in collaboration with Tehran University of Medical Sciences and the Cancer Research Center.

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Khorsandi, B., Khakbazan, Z., Mahmoodzadeh, H.A. et al. Self-efficacy of the First-degree Relatives of Patients with Breast Cancer in the Prevention of Cancer: Using the Health Belief Model. J Canc Educ 35, 977–982 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01551-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01551-0

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