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Key Species Superpose the Effect of Species Richness and Species Interaction on Carbon Fluxes in a Restored Minerotrophic Peatland

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Abstract

In a controlled field experiment, we tested the effect of plant biodiversity on carbon accumulation in a formerly-extracted peatland that was rewetted and re-vegetated. We monitored carbon fluxes in experimental units re-vegetated with different numbers and types of characteristic minerotrophic peatland species, planted in monoculture and mixed treatments. Using measured environmental variables, we modelled the different components of carbon flux (photosynthesis, respiration and methane flux) and simulated the Net Seasonal Carbon Flux for three standard wetness scenarios of each planting treatment. We tested the effect of species and functional group richness, species and functional group identity and species interactions on Net Seasonal Carbon Flux. Our findings did not indicate any significant effect of the richness of species or plant functional groups on carbon accumulation. However, the presence of key species was important; Carex aquatilis, particularly when planted alone, significantly increased carbon accumulation; other graminoid species were not associated with the same effect. Mixed-species treatments did not accumulate more carbon than was expected of the same species when planted in monoculture, providing no evidence for an overall species interaction effect. Our results suggest that in the context of restored minerotrophic peatlands, species identity is more important than species/functional group richness or species-interaction for driving carbon accumulation.

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Acknowledgements

We thank M. Keith, E. Farries, M. Bird and S. Scarlett for help with collection of field data and lab analysis. The funding for this project was provided by the University of Calgary, Department of Geography and an Industrial Research Chair to Line Rochefort at Université Laval sponsored by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) and the Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association (CSPMA) and its members.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Golnoush Hassanpour Fard, Elena Farries & Maria Strack

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada

    Vicky Bérubé & Line Rochefort

  3. Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    Maria Strack

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  1. Golnoush Hassanpour Fard
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VB, LR, GH and MS conceived the ideas and designed methodology; GH and EF collected and analysed the data; GH and MS led the writing of the manuscript. All authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.

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Correspondence to Golnoush Hassanpour Fard.

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Hassanpour Fard, G., Farries, E., Bérubé, V. et al. Key Species Superpose the Effect of Species Richness and Species Interaction on Carbon Fluxes in a Restored Minerotrophic Peatland. Wetlands 40, 333–349 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-019-01176-5

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