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Regional Structural Change and Resilience

From Lignite Mining to Tourism in the Lusatian Lakeland

Regionaler Strukturwandel und Resilienz

Vom Braunkohlebergbau zum Tourismus im Lausitzer Seenland

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Raumforschung und Raumordnung

Abstract

The terms “resilience” and “vulnerability” have both acquired prominence in recent academic and political debate. Originating in the natural sciences, they have meanwhile established themselves not only in the social sciences, but also—and more recently—in the areas of economic geography, as well as urban and regional development. Nevertheless, as is the case with many of the issues adopted from the natural sciences, the social sciences have had to struggle to fully capture and conceptualise the theoretical meaning of the terms. The present article will explore the added-value and limits of using the notions of resilience and vulnerability in relation to structural change in old industrial regions. It will also draw on empirical information from a qualitative case study of Lusatian Lakeland, a former lignite mining region in Eastern Germany that is currently being turned into a tourist destination. Research focuses on analysing the sectoral and regional cooperation between various actors in the region. The introduction of the terms resilience and vulnerability in this case study raises some interesting questions about the nature and interpretation of regional development processes that are characterised by a high degree of uncertainty and severe structural change. The research results also highlight the conceptual difficulties these terms present, particularly in the context of structural transformation.

Zusammenfassung

Die Begriffe „Resilienz“ und „Vulnerabilität“ haben eine große Bedeutung in der gegenwärtigen wissenschaftlichen und politischen Diskussion erlangt. Ausgehend von den Naturwissenschaften wurde das Begriffspaar in die Sozialwissenschaften übertragen – zuletzt auch in die Wirtschaftsgeographie sowie die Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung. Dabei ist dieser Transfer, wie oft bei naturwissenschaftlichen Begriffen, von konzeptionellen und theoretischen Unklarheiten gekennzeichnet. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich daher mit den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Nutzung der Begriffe im Kontext des Strukturwandels in altindustriellen Regionen. Die empirische Grundlage bildet eine qualitative Fallstudie des Lausitzer Seenlandes, ein ehemaliges ostdeutsches Braunkohlerevier, welches nun zu einer Tourismusregion umgestaltet wird. Dabei spielt die Analyse der sektoralen und regionalen Kooperationen von verschiedenen Akteuren der Region eine besondere Rolle. Bei der Anwendung der Begriffe „Resilienz“ und „Vulnerabilität“ auf dieses Fallbeispiel stellen sich einige interessante Fragen bezüglich der Merkmale und Interpretation von Regionalentwicklung unter der Bedingung von Unsicherheit und starkem Strukturwandel. Daneben zeigt die Forschung auch die konzeptionellen Schwierigkeiten der Begriffe, besonders im Kontext tiefgreifender struktureller Transformationen.

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Notes

  1. Holling’s contribution contains surprises, because it addresses issues that are not taken up in this fashion in the more general, current discussion and are rather difficult to transfer to regional development. Holling defines resilience as contrasting with stability. Whereas stability involves relatively minor fluctuations, e.g. in a population, resilience primarily concerns a system’s ability to survive (persistence). Hence, systems with a high degree of stability may well display little resilience (Holling1973: 14 f.).

  2. This aspect will be dealt with in greater depth in Chap. 2.2.

  3. Karl May (1842–1912) was a German author who became famous for his adventure stories about the Wild West and the Orient.

  4. The term “panarchy” stands for a “model that posits a four-phase process of continual adjustment in ecological, social and environmental systems” (Simmie/Martin2010: 33). In the context of regional development, the following four phases are distinguished from one another: exploitation and growth, conservation, decline and release, and, last but not least, reorganisation and restructuring. Resilience has its zenith in the exploitation and growth phase and diminishes towards the end of that phase; the reorganisation and restructuring phases culminate in the exploitation and growth phase and decline towards the end of both this and the conservation phase. Resilience grows again during both the decline and release phase and the reorganisation and restructuring phase (Simmie/Martin2010: 33 f.).

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the two unknown reviewers for their valuable commentaries.

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Lintz, G., Wirth, P. & Harfst, J. Regional Structural Change and Resilience. Raumforsch Raumordn 70, 363–375 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13147-012-0175-x

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