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Study on the characteristics of karst development in Beijing

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Abstract

The distribution area of carbonate rocks in Beijing is about 5071.44 km2, accounting for 30.19% of the land area in Beijing. The distribution areas of bare, covered and buried carbonate rocks are 2862.21 km2, 401.86 km2, 1803.37 km2, respectively. The carbonate rocks mainly includes dolomite in Changcheng Group of Jixian System (Jxg), dolomite in Wumishan Group of Jixian System (Jxw), dolomite in Tieling Group of Jixian System (Jxt), Cambrian limestone (Є), Ordovician limestone (O) and carbonate rocks with different ages. The characteristics of karst development in Beijing differ from region to region. In the mountainous areas of dolomite in Changcheng System and Jixian System of Proterozoic, the karst landforms such as hoodoos, series of peaks and gorges are formed by the influence of rock differential solution and shear joints. In the Cambrian and Ordovician limestone distribution areas, middle-low mountains and uvalas are formed; the covered karst is affected by rock composition, regional structure control and environment, and the degree of karst development varies in different regions. According to the ground karst, karst caves distribution and karst spring distribution in Beijing area, the karst development in Beijing is summarized into three types: karst system-based (mainly developed karst cave system), fissure-based (basically undeveloped caves and karst springs, mainly for the development of underground joint fissures in the concealed area) and composite type (the karst spring with relatively large distribution, and a small number of ground karst caves, and the development of underground joint fissures). According to the distribution characteristics of 271 karst water boreholes, 563 geothermal boreholes, 258 ground surface karst caves and 499 karst springs in Beijing, the karst development in Beijing also has typical characteristics of heterogeneity, stratification and staging.

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[Modified by Cao et al. (2012)]

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge financial support provided by the: National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0804104), Fundamental Science of State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology (NRE1906), Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory, East China Institute of Technology (RGET1902), CGS Research Fund (JYYWF20180301).

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Author notes

  1. Kai Liu and Wenjie Sun contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China

    Kai Liu

  2. National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Wenjie Sun

  3. Beijing Institute of Geology, Beijing, 100120, China

    Shanshan Wang

  4. Beijing Institute of Geological Environment Monitoring, Beijing, 100195, China

    Ying Sun

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  1. Kai Liu
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Correspondence to Wenjie Sun.

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Liu, K., Sun, W., Wang, S. et al. Study on the characteristics of karst development in Beijing. Carbonates Evaporites 35, 54 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-020-00584-7

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