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A phylogeny of Lophocoleaceae-Plagiochilaceae-Brevianthaceae and a revised classification of Plagiochilaceae

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Abstract

The Lophocoleaceae-Plagiochilaceae-Brevianthaceae clade is a largely terrestrial, subcosmopolitan lineage of jungermannialean leafy liverworts that may include significantly more than 1000 species. Here we present the most comprehensively sampled phylogeny available to date based on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and the chloroplast markers rbcL and rps4 of 372 accessions. Brevianthaceae (consisting of Brevianthus and Tetracymbaliella) form a sister relationship with Lophocoleaceae; this lineage is in turn sister to Plagiochilaceae. Plagiochila is resolved monophyletic subsequent to exclusion of Plagiochila radiculosa; this species is placed in a new genus Cryptoplagiochila. Chiastocaulon and a polyphyletic Acrochila nest in Plagiochilion; these three genera are united under Chiastocaulon to include the Plagiochilaceae species with dominating or exclusively ventral branching. The generic classification of the Lophocoleaceae is still unresolved. We discuss alternative approaches to obtain strictly monophyletic genera by visualizing their consistence with the obtained consensus topology. The presented phylogeny will serve as a basis for follow-up studies including several thousand accessions. These studies will enable revision of current hypotheses on species diversity and distribution of Lophocoleaceae-Plagiochilaceae-Brevianthaceae and allow for a reconstruction of their evolution in time and space.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by an LMU student research grant to SDFP and an ABRS postdoctoral fellowship (grant RFL213-14) to MAMR and the Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust. We thank the directors and curators of the herbaria GOET, JE and M for the access to specimens and permission for destructive sampling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Biology, Department of Biology and Geobio-Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638, Munich, Germany

    Simon D. F. Patzak, Kathrin Feldberg & Jochen Heinrichs

  2. Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia

    Matt A. M. Renner & Margaret M. Heslewood

  3. Mittlere Letten 11, 88634, Herdwangen-Schönach, Germany

    Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp

  4. Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045-972, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Denilson F. Peralta

  5. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil

    Aline Matos de Souza

  6. Department of Life Science, Natural History Museum, London, SW75BD, UK

    Harald Schneider

  7. School of Life Sciences, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guandong, China

    Harald Schneider

Authors
  1. Simon D. F. Patzak
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  2. Matt A. M. Renner
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  3. Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp
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  4. Kathrin Feldberg
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  5. Margaret M. Heslewood
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  6. Denilson F. Peralta
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  7. Aline Matos de Souza
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  8. Harald Schneider
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  9. Jochen Heinrichs
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jochen Heinrichs.

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Table S1

Taxa used in the present study, including information about the origin of the studied material, voucher information, as well as GenBank accession numbers. Sequences taken from GenBank are marked with asterisks. Crosses mark sequences that resulted from present study. (DOC 269 kb)

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Patzak, S.D.F., Renner, M.A.M., Schäfer-Verwimp, A. et al. A phylogeny of Lophocoleaceae-Plagiochilaceae-Brevianthaceae and a revised classification of Plagiochilaceae. Org Divers Evol 16, 481–495 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-015-0258-y

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