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Exploration of Heat Transfer Rate and Chemically Reactive Bio-convection Flow of Micropolar Nanofluid with Gyrotactic Microorganisms

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Abstract

The focus of this research is the exploration of bio-convection in micropolar nanoparticles. This exploration is influenced by a stretching surface. Micropolar nanofluids are distinguished by their unique rheological properties. Recently, they have gained significant attention due to their potential applications. These applications span across various domains. They include tissue engineering, solar collector efficiency, biotechnology, nano-medicine drug delivery, and biomaterial synthesis. In addition, this study incorporates the characteristics of the heat transfer rate and velocity slip parameter and its relevance to various particle applications, such as heat transfer, fluid concentration, and material processing. In the present study, the nanoliquid flow, velocity slip parameter, and heat and mass transfer over a horizontal stretching sheet under the impact of motile microorganisms are investigated, numerically. These characteristics are under the influence of micro-inertia, micro-rotation, and slip. A numerical technique is used to solve these equations. The solutions are for certain values of the parameters involved. One such parameter is the velocity slip parameter. The classical Navier–Stokes equations of motion are transformed into a simpler form. This transformation is achieved by employing a similarity approach. The resulting system of non-linear equations is solved numerically. This solution is achieved with the aid of a finite difference method. This method is embedded with an iterative successive over the relaxation approach. The impact of relevant flow parameters is elaborated. These parameters include bioconvection, stretching, and nanoparticle concentration. Their impact on temperature and velocity fields is detailed through graphs and tables. The findings reveal that the temperature experiences fluctuations. These fluctuations occur as the microrotation velocity of liquid particles and biological convection increase. There is a notable temperature drop followed by a subsequent rise. This happens when the microorganism concentration limit (omega) is reached. The conclusions of this study are to illuminate how the magnetic field as well as thermal radiation and velocity slip parameters affect the flow pattern, fluid concentration, temperature distributions, and heat transfer rate in the biological fluids near the stretching surface. The calculated results from this study are compared with data available in the literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, The University of Faisalabad, Sargodha Road, University Town, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Faiz Muhammad & Aaqib Majeed

  2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Punjab Group of Colleges, G.T. Road Jada, Jhelum, 49600, Pakistan

    Nouman Ijaz

  3. Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, 31952, Khobar, Saudi Arabia

    Kamal Barghout & Nidal Abu-Libdeh

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  1. Faiz Muhammad
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Contributions

Conceptualization: A. Majeed; methodology, N. Ijaz; software: A. Majeed and F. Muhammad; validation: A. Majeed and F. Muhammad; writing—original draft preparation: A. Majeed; writing—review and editing: N. Ijaz, K. Barghout, and N. Abu-Libdeh; supervision: N. Ijaz, A. Majeed, and F. Muhammad; project administration: A. Majeed. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Aaqib Majeed.

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Muhammad, F., Majeed, A., Ijaz, N. et al. Exploration of Heat Transfer Rate and Chemically Reactive Bio-convection Flow of Micropolar Nanofluid with Gyrotactic Microorganisms. BioNanoSci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-024-01425-w

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