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The Effect of Porosity, Oxygen and Phase Morphology on the Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V with Respect to Annealing Temperature

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Abstract

In the present study, Ti-6Al-4V alloy was fabricated by Selective Laser Manufacturing (SLM) technique and subsequently subjected to an annealing treatment at, above and below the β transition temperature. We emphasized the influence of porosity, oxygen and phase morphology on the strength, ductility and elongation of SLM-manufactured Ti-6Al-4V and compared the alloy's properties with conventionally manufactured Ti-6Al-4V from the literature. The as-built Ti-6Al-4V sample showed a very high strength due to acicular martensite, and the growth of α+β lamellae on heat treatment improved ductility. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to identify the chemical composition, calculate lamellar width and analyze the fracture mechanisms. The grain size and the average thickness of α lamellae, inter-granular β and prior β grain boundary increased with annealing temperature. The porosity and oxygen content of the samples were found to have a consequential effect on the strength, especially in as-built and high-temperature annealing conditions and optimum mechanical properties were observed in SLM Ti-6Al-4V annealed at 800 °C.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Science and Technology (SERB-DST; File No. CRG/2018/002483, GAP 03/19), India, for offering financial support to carry out the research work. The support staff of the Central Instrumentation Facility and Additive Manufacturing Facility of CSIR-CECRI, Karaikudi, for the characterization and 3D printing work, respectively, is greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India

    A. Sai Deepak Kumar, Mohammad Fayaz Anwar & C. Vanitha

  2. CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630006, India

    Deepak K. Pattanayak & Archana Rajendran

  3. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India

    Deepak K. Pattanayak & Archana Rajendran

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  1. A. Sai Deepak Kumar
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  2. Deepak K. Pattanayak
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  3. Mohammad Fayaz Anwar
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  4. Archana Rajendran
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  5. C. Vanitha
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Correspondence to A. Sai Deepak Kumar, Deepak K. Pattanayak or C. Vanitha.

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Sai Deepak Kumar, A., Pattanayak, D.K., Fayaz Anwar, M. et al. The Effect of Porosity, Oxygen and Phase Morphology on the Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V with Respect to Annealing Temperature. Trans Indian Inst Met 76, 1789–1798 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-023-02886-5

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