Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Direct Leaching of Low-Grade Zinc Oxide Ore Containing High Amounts of Iron and Manganese

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Consumption of zinc metal has been rapidly increased in the world. Zinc metal exists as oxide, sulfide, carbonate and silicate ores, among which zinc oxide ores have not been mined because it is very difficult to separate zinc from gangue or to concentrate using the conventional flotation processes. In the current study, a low-grade zinc oxide ore containing 5.9% Zn, 33.4% Fe and 13.7% Mn was selected to investigate direct leaching. Results of the direct leaching at conventional conditions showed that the Zn leaching efficiency was improved at high acidity, high temperature and grinding conditions and reached about 60% at temperature of 50 °C, d80 of 110 microns, leaching time of 120 min and sulfuric acid consumption of 3.3 kg/kg Zn. Results showed that between 20 and 30% of zinc is associated with other species containing manganese IV. In the reductive leaching experiments by using Na2SO3 as reductant, the maximum Zn and Mn leaching efficiencies are about 82.7% and 96.2%. Dissolving high manganese as impurity in the pregnant solution is a potential concern with the reductive leaching process that needs further investigation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abkhoshk E, Jorjani E, Al-Harahsheh M S, Rashchi F, and Naazeri M, Hydrometallurgy 149 (2014) 153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Antuñano N, Cambra J F, and Arias P L, Hydrometallurgy 161 (2016) 65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jia N, Wang H-G, Zhang M, and Guo M, Miner Process Extr Metall Rev 37 (2016) 418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Yanbo S and Xin T, Procedia Environ Sci 31 (2016) 195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bulatovic: ‘13 - Flotation of Copper–Zinc Ores’ S M Handbook of Flotation Reagents, Amsterdam, Elsevier (2007), p. 295.

  6. de Wet J R and Singleton J D, J South Afr Inst Min Metall 108 (2008) 253.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Moradkhani D, Khodakarami S B M, and Ataei I, Physicochem Problems Miner Process 50 (2014) 735.

  8. Filippou D, Miner Process Extr Metall Rev 25 (2004) 205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Martin D, Diaz G, García M A, and Sanchez F, J South Afr Inst Min Metall 102 (2002) 463.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fuls H F and Petersen J, J South Afr Inst Min Metall 113 (2013) 00.

    Google Scholar 

  11. El Hazek M N, Lasheen T A, and Helal A S, Hydrometallurgy 84 (2006) 187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Qin W-Q, Lan Z-Y, and Li W-Z, J Cent South Univ Technol 10 98.

  13. Zhang Q B and Hua Y, Hydrometallurgy 99 (2009) 249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhang W and Cheng C Y, Hydrometallurgy 89 (2007) 178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Soltani F, Abdollahy M, Petersen J, Ram R, Becker M, Koleini S J, and Moradkhani D, Hydrometallurgy 177 (2018) 66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Bera S, Prince A A M, Welmurugan S, Raghavan P S, Gopalan R, Panneerselvam G, and Narasimhan S V, J Mater Sci 36 (2001) 5379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Su H, Wen Y, Wang F, Sun Y, and Tong Z, Hydrometallurgy, 93 (2008) 136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mining Engineering, Arak University of Technology, Markazi, Iran

    Faraz Soltani & Mohsen Hemmati Chegeni

  2. Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR) on TMU, Tehran, Iran

    Reza Aram

  3. Department of Mining Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

    Mokhtar Aazami

  4. Mineral Processing Department, Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Hossna Darabi

  5. Young Researchers and Elite Club, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Mehdi Ghadiri

  6. Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Saeed Shirazian

  7. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Saeed Shirazian

Authors
  1. Faraz Soltani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Reza Aram
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mokhtar Aazami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hossna Darabi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mehdi Ghadiri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mohsen Hemmati Chegeni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Saeed Shirazian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saeed Shirazian.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Soltani, F., Aram, R., Aazami, M. et al. Direct Leaching of Low-Grade Zinc Oxide Ore Containing High Amounts of Iron and Manganese. Trans Indian Inst Met 72, 1371–1380 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-019-01635-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-019-01635-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation