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Properties and Characteristics of Fish Skin Gelatin-Based Three-Layer Film Developed with Bioplastics and Physalis Leaf Extract

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Abstract

The impact of incorporation of Physalis leaf extract (PLE) at various levels on properties and characteristics of the gelatin based three-layer film (Poly (lactic acid)/Gelatin/Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) was investigated. Three-layer films were developed by a three-step casting process and each layer of film was incorporated with PLE at 0–15% (w/w). Young’s Modulus (525.19-164.24 MPa) and tensile strength (22.38–8.38 MPa) of three-layer films decreased with augmented level of PLE (p < 0.05), in contrast elongation at break (13.80-142.56%) was increased (p < 0.05). In general, the incorporation of PLE resulted the three-layer films with lower water vapor permeability ranged from 1.442 to 1.019 × 10–11 g.m.m− 2.s− 1.Pa− 1 than the control counterpart (P/G/B-PLE-0%) (without PLE) (1.473 × 10–11 g.m.m− 2.s− 1.Pa− 1) (p < 0.05). Greenness (-a* value) of the resulting films increased with augmenting incorporation ratios of PLE (p < 0.05). The lower transparency value (7.41) was recorded for control film (without extract) (p < 0.05). However, PLE incorporated three-layer film exhibited compact structure as revealed by SEM micrographs. Thermal properties of obtained three-layer film were impacted by the addition of plant extract. Thus, the enhanced water vapor barrier property and improved elasticity were obtained for PLA/Gelatin/PBAT films incorporated with PLE.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU), Nagapattinam for all the support throughout the study. The authors were deeply grateful for the financial support, provided by the International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fish Processing Technology, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Ponneri, Tamil Nadu, 601 204, India

    Gokulprasanth Murugan, Jeya Shakila Robinson, Masilan Karunanithi, Vaisshali Prakash Arul Prakasam & Muralidharan Nagarajan

  2. International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand

    Soottawat Benjakul

  3. Center of Excellence in Bio-based Materials and Packaging Innovation, Faculty of Agro- Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand

    Thummanoon Prodpran

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Contributions

Gokulprasanth Murugan - Investigation, Methodology, Data curation and writing original draft; Soottawat Benjakul - Validation, Resources and Writing-review & editing; Thummanoon Prodpran - Validation, Resources and Writing-review & editing; Jeya Shakila Robinson - Resources and Writing-review & editing; Masilan Karunanithi - Formal analysis and Writing-review & editing; Vaisshali Prakash Arul Prakasam - Formal analysis and Writing-review & editing; Muralidharan Nagarajan - Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Validation and Writing-review & editing.

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Murugan, G., Benjakul, S., Prodpran, T. et al. Properties and Characteristics of Fish Skin Gelatin-Based Three-Layer Film Developed with Bioplastics and Physalis Leaf Extract. Waste Biomass Valor (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-024-02554-9

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