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Acid-Assisted Recycling of Iron Hydroxide Sludge as a Coagulant for Metalworking Fluid Wastewater Treatment

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Abstract

Coagulation is capable of treating metalworking fluid (MWF) wastewater after MWF oil recovery, as an alternative fuel by dissolved-air flotation, but it yields a substantial amount of oil-contaminated sludge. The oil-contaminated sludge is a resource of coagulant recovery, which reduces the sludge disposal and coagulant cost. This study examined the acid recovery and reusability of iron coagulant for MWF wastewater treatment. Ferric chloride (FeCl3) was used as a coagulant, while hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used in the solubilisation process. Without MWF contamination, the iron hydroxide (Fe(OH)3) to HCl ratio of 3:1 was required to completely dissolve the Fe(OH)3 sludge within 5 min. The presence of MWF oil on the sludge substantially decreased the acid recovery of Fe(OH)3. Even at 30 min, the Fe(OH)3 to HCl ratio of 3:1 could recover only 87.07% by mass of iron. The use of anionic polymer (polyacrylate) as a coagulant aid for MWF treatment made the acid recovery of iron coagulant less effective. Acid-recovered iron coagulant can be reused for four cycles to treat the MWF wastewater because increasing the cycles of reuse lowers the treatment efficiency. The use of HCl waste in this approach reduces both the operational cost and potential global warming effect.

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Acknowledgements

This research was generously supported by the research and researcher for industries (RRi) programme, Thailand Research Fund (TRF) (Grant No. MSD58I0088). We gratefully appreciated the assistance of the staff at the Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University and C.E.O. International Waste Company Limited who contributed to the success of this research. In addition, we appreciate some partial funding from the Office of Higher Education Commission (OHEC) and the S&T Postgraduate Education and Research Development Office (PERDO) for the additional financial support of the research program. Last but not least, PM appreciates the funding from the Graduate School of Naresuan University for her Master degree.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit for Integrated Natural Resources Remediation and Reclamation (IN3R), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand

    Phimonphan Mooheng & Tanapon Phenrat

  2. Center of Excellence for Sustainability of Health, Environment and Industry (SHEI), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand

    Phimonphan Mooheng & Tanapon Phenrat

  3. School of Logistics and Supply Chain, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand

    Kullapa Soratana

  4. Research Program of Toxic Substance Management in the Mining Industry, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Tanapon Phenrat

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  1. Phimonphan Mooheng
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Correspondence to Tanapon Phenrat.

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Mooheng, P., Soratana, K. & Phenrat, T. Acid-Assisted Recycling of Iron Hydroxide Sludge as a Coagulant for Metalworking Fluid Wastewater Treatment. Waste Biomass Valor 10, 3635–3645 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00696-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00696-9

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