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On the spatial scales of ionospheric perturbations caused by moderate earthquakes that occurred in Indian subcontinents

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Abstract

The diurnal variation of GPS-TEC data recorded at the low-latitude station Agra (Geograph. lat. 27.2°N, long. 78°E) has been analyzed for a period of 9 years between 2007 and 2018 to examine whether the ionospheric perturbations are caused by low-magnitude earthquakes (M < 5) and if so, what may be the spatial scales of perturbations in such cases. The results show that low-magnitude earthquakes also cause perturbation and the spatial scales of perturbation are large varying between 1000 and 2000 km, much higher than those given by Dobrovolsky et al. (Pure Appl Geophys 117:1025, 1979) relation. The profile factor (P-factor) analysis has been introduced to identify earthquake-induced anomalies from those produced by magnetic storms. It is found that the P-factor increases with increasing magnitude of earthquakes from M = 4 to M = 6 and then decreases. The results show that turbulent variations occur in the months of large earthquakes as precursors with periods decreasing with decreasing magnitude of earthquakes. This result is interpreted in terms of excitations of atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) over the epicenters of earthquakes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are highly thankful to the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi, for extending financial support to this research in the form of a major research project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Bichpuri, Agra, 283105, India

    Kajal Chaudhary & Birbal Singh

  2. Department of Physics, Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Bichpuri, Agra, 283105, India

    Devbrat Pundhir

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  1. Kajal Chaudhary
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Chaudhary, K., Singh, B. & Pundhir, D. On the spatial scales of ionospheric perturbations caused by moderate earthquakes that occurred in Indian subcontinents. Indian J Phys 96, 343–355 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-020-01992-0

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