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Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegenerative Diseases Development Associated with Organophosphate Pesticides Exposure: a Review Study

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Abstract

A significant body of literature emphasizes the role of insecticide, particularly organophosphates (OPs), as the major environmental factor in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to study the relationship between OP insecticide exposure, cognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative disease development. Human populations, especially in developing countries, are frequently exposed to OPs due to their extensive applications. The involvement of various signaling pathways in OP neurotoxicity are reported, but the OP-induced cognitive impairment and link between OP exposure and the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases are not clearly understood. In the present review, we have therefore aimed to come to new conclusions which may help to find protective and preventive strategies against OP neurotoxicity and may establish a possible link between organophosphate exposure, cognitive impairment, and OP-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, we discuss the findings obtained from animal and human research providing some support for OP-induced cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disorders.

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Acknowledgements

This review paper was supported by the Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Students Research Committee, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Mehdi Sarailoo

  2. Students Research Committee, Pharmacy School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Salva Afshari

  3. Deputy of Research & Technology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Vahid Asghariazar

  4. Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Elham Safarzadeh

  5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Masoomeh Dadkhah

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MD and ES designed, wrote, and edited the manuscript. MS and SA wrote the manuscript. MAA designed the figures.

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Sarailoo, M., Afshari, S., Asghariazar, V. et al. Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegenerative Diseases Development Associated with Organophosphate Pesticides Exposure: a Review Study. Neurotox Res 40, 1624–1643 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-022-00552-0

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