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Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid Composite Material for Maxillary Sinus Augmentation

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Abstract

The study aimed to synthesis biocomposite material that was more bioactive and could be employed as a graft during bone formation. Cordierite was fabricated via sintering a mixture of 51.4% silicon oxide, 34.8% aluminum oxide, and 13.8% magnesium oxide at 1400 °C. The produced substance was identified using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), the patterns showed that just indialite was identified as a single phase. To formulate sample with supreme biological behavior, cordierite was added to hydroxyapatite in 30 wt% and then sintered at 1100 °C. Following, XRD reveals the emergence of the Mg-whitlockite phase. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) had been employed to investigate their morphology and the effect of treatment temperatures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) employed to assess if there is chemical reaction between cordierite and hydroxyapatite was tack placed. Prepared ceramic powder used as reinforcing phase with 30, 40 and 50 wt% in PCL matrix to formulate biocomposite system. All samples were inspected via SEM to determine their microstructure. FTIR showed there is no chemical reaction occurred between PCL and ceramic powder and it was just a physical blending. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed that Z40 exhibits the better composition, as compared with other samples, in terms of Ca/P ratio. Z40 hybrid composite promotes the better results in terms of microstructure and chemical composition. Also, employed better in vitro behavior represented by degradation rate that equal to 39.86%. The produced grafts shaped the maxillary sinus better, support displaced sinus mucosa, and fill the voids between the sinus floor bone wall.

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Acknowledgements

The Department of Materials Engineering at the University of Technology, Ceramic and Building Materials Department/College of Materials Engineering at Babylon University and Al-Qasim Green University’s/College of Veterinary Medicine’s/Department of Surgery and Obstetrics are all recipients of heartfelt thanks from the authors for their support of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

    Zainab Jawad Kadhim, Fatimah J. Al-Hasani & Emad S. Al-Hassani

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  1. Zainab Jawad Kadhim
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  2. Fatimah J. Al-Hasani
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  3. Emad S. Al-Hassani
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Contributions

Z J Kadhim: Experiments were carried out, original draft authoring, data curation, and preparation. F J Al-hassani: planned the tests, reviewed and edited the article. E S Al-hassani: Editing, visualizing, and reviewing, supervised the manuscript work. In addition, all authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zainab Jawad Kadhim.

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Ethics Approval

The ethical committee of Al-Qasim Green University’s/College of Veterinary Medicine’s/Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, approved the protocol of this study, which adhered to the tenets of the declaration of Helsinki and HIPAA. As it was a retrospective study, informed consent was viewed by ethical committee of Al-Qasim Green University’s/College of Veterinary Medicine’s.

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Consent was obtained from all the authors included in this article.

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The authors agree to publish.

Dual Publications Statement

The part of this manuscript, which include preparation of cordierite and cordierite-hydroxyapatite ceramic powders were previously published in silicon journal.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Kadhim, Z.J., Al-Hasani, F.J. & Al-Hassani, E.S. Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid Composite Material for Maxillary Sinus Augmentation. Silicon 16, 891–907 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-023-02726-7

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