Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Nonlinear Viscoelastic Modeling of Synthesized Silicate-Based Bioactive Glass/Polysulfone Composite: Theory and Medical Applications

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Silicon Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bioactive glass/Polysulfone composite has been considered as an appropriate material for biomechanical and medical applications. Time-dependency and nonlinear-elasticity are significant mechanical behaviors of these type of materials. Hence, in this research, the 20% vol. 58 s bioactive glass/polysulfone composite was prepared using the solvent casting method, and tensile tests with 3 different strain rates were performed on the samples. Also, a nonlinear-viscoelastic model based on the Ogden nonlinear-elastic strain energy was generalized to investigate the mechanical behavior of the 20 vol.% 58 s bioactive glass/polysulfone composite. To show the agreement of the model with the experimental results, a rate dependent tensile test was simulated by ABAQUS which validated the results. The tensile test showed a maximum stress of 15 ~ 25 MPa, based on the test speed; also, the simulation demonstrated a 16.2 MPa stress for the 5 mm/min test speed, which were in good agreement. Later, a model of a human tibia bone was constructed using MIMICS, SOLIDWORKS and ABAQUS to study the application of the 58 s bioactive glass/polysulfone composite as an implant. The results revealed that the stress tolerated by the implant was neglectable, and most of the stress was tolerated by the bone itself.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

All data and materials, as well as software application and custom codes support our published claims and comply with field standards.

References

  1. Ridzwan M, Shuib S, Hassan AY, Ahmed Shokri A, Ibrahim M (2007) Problem of Stress Shielding and Improvement to the Hip Implant Designs: A Review. J Med Sci 7

  2. Hench LL (2006) The story of bioglass. J Mater Sci Mater Med 17(11):967–978

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Khorsandi D, Moghanian A, Nazari R, Arabzadeh G, Borhani S (2016) Personalized medicine: regulation of genes in human skin ageing. J Allergy Ther 7(245):2–11

    Google Scholar 

  4. Tahriri M, Del Monico M, Moghanian A, Yaraki MT, Torres R, Yadegari A, Tayebi L (2019) Graphene and its derivatives: opportunities and challenges in dentistry. Mater Sci Eng C 102:171–185

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Zohourfazeli M, Tajer MHM, Moghanian A (2020) Comprehensive investigation on multifunctional properties of zirconium and silver co-substituted 58S bioactive glass. Ceram Int 4:2499–2507

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hajifathali Z, Amirhosseinian M (2019) The effect of substitution of CaO/MgO and CaO/SrO on in vitro bioactivity of sol-gel derived bioactive glass. Int J Biomed Biol Eng 13(6):279–287

    Google Scholar 

  7. Aminitabar M, Amirhosseinian M, Elsa M (2019) Synthesis and in vitro characterization of a gel-derived SiO2-CaO-P2O5-SrO-Li2O bioactive glass. Int J Chem Molec Eng 13(6):296–307

    Google Scholar 

  8. Moghanian A, Firoozi S, Tahriri M (2017) Synthesis and in vitro studies of sol-gel derived lithium substituted 58S bioactive glass. Ceram Int 43(15):12835–12843

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Mohammadkhah A, Day DE (2018) Mechanical properties of bioactive glass/polymer composite scaffolds for repairing load bearing bones. Int J Appl Glas Sci 9(2):188–197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lu HH, El-Amin SF, Scott KD, Laurencin CT (2003) Three-dimensional, bioactive, biodegradable, polymer–bioactive glass composite scaffolds with improved mechanical properties support collagen synthesis and mineralization of human osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A: An Official Journal of The Society for Biomaterials, The Japanese Society for Biomaterials, and The Australian Society for Biomaterials and the Korean Society for Biomaterials 64(3):465–474

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ravarian R, Moztarzadeh F, Hashjin MS, Rabiee S, Khoshakhlagh P, Tahriri M (2010) Synthesis, characterization and bioactivity investigation of bioglass/hydroxyapatite composite. Ceram Int 36(1):291–297

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Vichery C, Nedelec J-M (2016) Bioactive glass nanoparticles: from synthesis to materials design for biomedical applications. Materials 9(4):288

    PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Moghanian A, Firoozi S, Tahriri M, Sedghi A (2018) A comparative study on the in vitro formation of hydroxyapatite, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of 58S bioactive glass substituted by Li and Sr. Mater Sci Eng C 91:349–360

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Moghanian A, Ghorbanoghli A, Kazem-Rostami M, Pazhouheshgar A, Salari E, Saghafi Yazdi M, Alimardani T, Jahani H, Sharifian Jazi F, Tahriri M (2019) Novel antibacterial Cu/Mg-substituted 58S-bioglass: synthesis, characterization and investigation of in vitro bioactivity. Int J Appl Glas Sci 11:685–698

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kazem-Rostami M, Moghanian A (2017) Hünlich base derivatives as photo-responsive Λ-shaped hinges. Organic Chem Front 4(2):224–228

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Moghanian A, Firoozi S, Tahriri M (2017) Characterization, in vitro bioactivity and biological studies of sol-gel synthesized SrO substituted 58S bioactive glass. Ceram Int 43(17):14880–14890

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Moghanian A, Sedghi A, Ghorbanoghli A, Salari E (2018) The effect of magnesium content on in vitro bioactivity, biological behavior and antibacterial activity of sol–gel derived 58S bioactive glass. Ceram Int 44(8):9422–9432

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Moghanian A, Zohour Fazeli MA (2020) Investigation the In vitro and bactericidal properties of magnesium and copper containing bioactive glasses. J Adv Mater Technol 9(2):19–33. https://doi.org/10.30501/JAMT.2020.195763.1041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Thompson I, Hench L (1998) Mechanical properties of bioactive glasses, glass-ceramics and composites. Proc Inst Mech Eng H J Eng Med 212(2):127–136

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Pazhouheshgar A, Moghanian A, Sadough Vanini SA (2020) The extended finite element method numerical and experimental analysis of mechanical behavior of Polysulfone/58s bioactive glass synthesized through solvent casting method. Modares Mech Eng 20(8):2061–2073

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pazhouheshgar A, Vanini SAS, Moghanian A (2019) The experimental and numerical study of fracture behavior of 58s bioactive glass/polysulfone composite using the extended finite elements method. Mater Res Expr 6(9):095208. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3495/meta. Accessed 31 Mar

  22. Bertolla L, Chlup Z, Stratil L, Boccaccini A, Dlouhý I (2015) Effect of hybrid polymer coating of Bioglass® foams on mechanical response during tensile loading. Adv Appl Ceram 114(sup1):S63–S69

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Bellucci D, Sola A, Anesi A, Salvatori R, Chiarini L, Cannillo V (2015) Bioactive glass/hydroxyapatite composites: mechanical properties and biological evaluation. Mater Sci Eng C 51:196–205

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Saatchi A, Arani AR, Moghanian A, Mozafari M (2020) Synthesis and characterization of electrospun cerium-doped bioactive glass/chitosan/polyethylene oxide composite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Ceram Int 47(1):260–271

    Google Scholar 

  25. Moghanian A, Portillo-Lara R, Shirzaei Sani E, Konisky H, Bassir SH, Annabi N (2020) Synthesis and characterization of osteoinductive visible light-activated adhesive composites with antimicrobial properties. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 14(1):66–81

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Moghanian A, Sharifianjazi F, Abachi P, Sadeghi E, Jafarikhorami H, Sedghi A (2017) Production and properties of Cu/TiO2 nano-composites. J Alloys Compd 698:518–524

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shojaeepour F, Abachi P, Purazrang K, Moghanian AH (2012) Production and properties of Cu/Cr2O3 nano-composites. Powder Technol 222:80–84

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang K, Ma Y, Francis LF (2002) Porous polymer/bioactive glass composites for soft-to-hard tissue interfaces. J Biomed Mater Res 61(4):551–563

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Wang M, Joseph R, Bonfield W (1998) Hydroxyapatite-polyethylene composites for bone substitution: effects of ceramic particle size and morphology. Biomaterials 19(24):2357–2366

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Bakar MA, Cheang P, Khor K (2003) Mechanical properties of injection molded hydroxyapatite-polyetheretherketone biocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 63(3–4):421–425

    Google Scholar 

  31. Oréfice R, Clark A, West J, Brennan A, Hench L (2007) Processing, properties, and in vitro bioactivity of polysulfone-bioactive glass composites. J Biomed Mater Res A 80(3):565–580

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Roohani-Esfahani S-I, Newman P, Zreiqat H (2016) Design and fabrication of 3D printed scaffolds with a mechanical strength comparable to cortical bone to repair large bone defects. Sci Rep 6:19468

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Moghanian A, Zohourfazeli M (2020) Comparative study on in vitro, physico-chemical and antibacterial properties of 58S and 68S bioactive glasses synthesized by sol-gel method. Adv Process Mater 13:17–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.11.139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Moghanian A, Zohourfazeli M, Tajer MHM (2020) The effect of zirconium content on in vitro bioactivity, biological behavior and antibacterial activity of sol-gel derived 58S bioactive glass. J Non-Cryst Solids 546:120262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2020.120262

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Elsa M, Moghanian A (2019) Comparative study of calcium content on in vitro biological and antibacterial properties of silicon-based bioglass. Int J Chem Molec Eng 13(6):288–295

    Google Scholar 

  36. Murphy C, Kolan K, Long M, Li W, Leu M, Semon J, Day D (2016) In 3d printing of a polymer bioactive glass composite for bone repair, 27th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium. Austin, pp. 1718–1731

  37. Moghanian A, Zohourfazeli M, Tajer MHM, Miri Z, Hosseini S, Rashvand A (2020) Preparation, characterization and in vitro biological response of simultaneous co-substitution of Zr+ 4/Sr+ 2 58S bioactive glass powder. Ceram Int. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.11.139

  38. Madireddy S, Sista B, Vemaganti K (2015) A Bayesian approach to selecting hyperelastic constitutive models of soft tissue. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 291:102–122

    Google Scholar 

  39. Darijani H, Naghdabadi R (2010) Hyperelastic materials behavior modeling using consistent strain energy density functions. Acta Mech 213(3–4):235–254

    Google Scholar 

  40. Sherief HH, Ezzat MA (1994) Solution of the generalized problem of thermoelasticity in the form of series of functions. J Therm Stresses 17(1):75–95

    Google Scholar 

  41. Hosseinzadeh M, Ghoreishi M, Narooei K (2016) Investigation of hyperelastic models for nonlinear elastic behavior of demineralized and deproteinized bovine cortical femur bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 59:393–403

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Elyasi N, Taheri KK, Narooei K, Taheri AK (2017) A study of hyperelastic models for predicting the mechanical behavior of extensor apparatus. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 16(3):1077–1093

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Kanca Y, Milner P, Dini D, Amis AA (2018) Tribological properties of PVA/PVP blend hydrogels against articular cartilage. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 78:36–45

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Liu K, Ovaert TC (2011) Poro-viscoelastic constitutive modeling of unconfined creep of hydrogels using finite element analysis with integrated optimization method. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 4(3):440–450

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Suriano R, Griffini G, Chiari M, Levi M, Turri S (2014) Rheological and mechanical behavior of polyacrylamide hydrogels chemically crosslinked with allyl agarose for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 30:339–346

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Caccavo D, Lamberti G (2017) PoroViscoElastic model to describe hydrogels' behavior. Mater Sci Eng C 76:102–113

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Gao X, Kuśmierczyk P, Shi Z, Liu C, Yang G, Sevostianov I, Silberschmidt VV (2016) Through-thickness stress relaxation in bacterial cellulose hydrogel. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 59:90–98

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Forte A, D'Amico F, Charalambides M, Dini D, Williams J (2015) Modelling and experimental characterisation of the rate dependent fracture properties of gelatine gels. Food Hydrocoll 46:180–190

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Mayumi K, Marcellan A, Ducouret G, Creton C, Narita T (2013) Stress–strain relationship of highly stretchable dual cross-link gels: separability of strain and time effect. ACS Macro Lett 2(12):1065–1068

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Xin H, Brown HR, Naficy S, Spinks GM (2015) Time-dependent mechanical properties of tough ionic-covalent hybrid hydrogels. Polymer 65:253–261

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Tirella A, Mattei G, Ahluwalia A (2014) Strain rate viscoelastic analysis of soft and highly hydrated biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 102(10):3352–3360

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Caccavo D, Cascone S, Poto S, Lamberti G, Barba AA (2017) Mechanics and transport phenomena in agarose-based hydrogels studied by compression-relaxation tests. Carbohydr Polym 167:136–144

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. El-Karamany AS, Ezzat MA (2016) On the phase-lag green–Naghdi thermoelasticity theories. Appl Math Model 40(9–10):5643–5659

    Google Scholar 

  54. Ezzat MA, El-Karamany AS, El-Bary AA (2014) Generalized thermo-viscoelasticity with memory-dependent derivatives. Int J Mech Sci 89:470–475

    Google Scholar 

  55. Ravikumar N, Noble C, Cramphorn E, Taylor ZA (2015) A constitutive model for ballistic gelatin at surgical strain rates. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 47:87–94

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Narooei K, Arman M (2018) Generalization of exponential based hyperelastic to hyper-viscoelastic model for investigation of mechanical behavior of rate dependent materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 79:104–113

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Goh S, Charalambides M, Williams J (2004) Determination of the constitutive constants of non-linear viscoelastic materials. Mech Time-Depend Mater 8(3):255–268

    Google Scholar 

  58. Ghorbanoghli A, Narooei KJIJOMS (2019) A new hyper-viscoelastic model for investigating rate dependent mechanical behavior of dual cross link self-healing hydrogel. Int J Mech Sci 159:278–286

    Google Scholar 

  59. Liao CJ, Chen CF, Chen JH, Chiang SF, Lin YJ, Chang KY (2002) Fabrication of porous biodegradable polymer scaffolds using a solvent merging/particulate leaching method. J Biomed Mater Res 59(4):676–681

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. ASTM A (2014) D638-14: standard test method for tensile properties of plastics. ASTM Stand 8(01):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  61. Ezzat MA, Awad ES (2010) Constitutive relations, uniqueness of solution, and thermal shock application in the linear theory of micropolar generalized Thermoelasticity involving two temperatures. J Therm Stresses 33(3):226–250

    Google Scholar 

  62. Ezzat MA, Othman MI, El-Karamany AS (2002) State space approach to generalized thermo-viscoelasticity with two relaxation times. Int J Eng Sci 40(3):283–302

    Google Scholar 

  63. Ezzat MA (2004) Fundamental solution in generalized magneto-thermoelasticity with two relaxation times for perfect conductor cylindrical region. Int J Eng Sci 42(13):1503–1519

    Google Scholar 

  64. Gray HA, Taddei F, Zavatsky AB, Cristofolini L, Gill HS (2008) Experimental validation of a finite element model of a human cadaveric tibia. J Biomech Eng 130(3):031016

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Reed KL, Brown TD (2001) Elastic modulus and strength of emu cortical bone. Iowa Orthop J 21:53–57

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the laboratory staffs in Imam Khomeini International University, and Amirkabir University of Technology.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, 34149-16818, Iran

    Amirhossein Moghanian

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave., Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran

    Arang Pazhouheshgar

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, 19919-43344, Iran

    Alireza Ghorbanoghli

Authors
  1. Amirhossein Moghanian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Arang Pazhouheshgar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alireza Ghorbanoghli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript. Moghanian conceived and planned the idea of the research. Moghanian and Pazhouheshgar supervised the project. Pazhouheshgar and Ghorbanoghli developed the theory, carried out the experiments, and performed the numerical modelings. Pazhouheshgar and Ghorbanoghli wrote the manuscript with support from Moghanian (all authors participated in writing the manuscript).

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amirhossein Moghanian.

Ethics declarations

Not Applicable.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Consent to Participate

As corresponding author, Amirhossein Moghanian, hereby I confirm on behalf of all authors that:

• This manuscript has not been published, was not, and is not being submitted to any other journal.

• All necessary permissions for publication were secured prior to submission of the manuscript.

• All authors listed have made a significant contribution to the research reported and have read and approved the submitted manuscript, and furthermore, all those who made substantive contributions to this work have been included in the author list.

Consent for Publication

On behalf of other authors, Amirhossein Moghanian as corresponding author, hereby consents to publication of the work in Silicon.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Moghanian, A., Pazhouheshgar, A. & Ghorbanoghli, A. Nonlinear Viscoelastic Modeling of Synthesized Silicate-Based Bioactive Glass/Polysulfone Composite: Theory and Medical Applications. Silicon 14, 731–740 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00900-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00900-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation