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Roasting and leaching behaviors of vanadium and chromium in calcification roasting–acid leaching of high-chromium vanadium slag

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Abstract

Calcification roasting–acid leaching of high-chromium vanadium slag (HCVS) was conducted to elucidate the roasting and leaching behaviors of vanadium and chromium. The effects of the purity of CaO, molar ratio between CaO and V2O5 (n(CaO)/n(V2O5)), roasting temperature, holding time, and the heating rate used in the oxidation–calcification processes were investigated. The roasting process and mechanism were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC). The results show that most of vanadium reacted with CaO to generate calcium vanadates and transferred into the leaching liquid, whereas almost all of the chromium remained in the leaching residue in the form of (Fe0.6Cr0.4)2O3. Variation trends of the vanadium and chromium leaching ratios were always opposite because of the competitive reactions of oxidation and calcification between vanadium and chromium with CaO. Moreover, CaO was more likely to combine with vanadium, as further confirmed by thermodynamic analysis. When the HCVS with CaO added in an n(CaO)/n(V2O5) ratio of 0.5 was roasted in an air atmosphere at a heating rate of 10°C/min from room temperature to 950°C and maintained at this temperature for 60 min, the leaching ratios of vanadium and chromium reached 91.14% and 0.49%, respectively; thus, efficient extraction of vanadium from HCVS was achieved and the leaching residue could be used as a new raw material for the extraction of chromium. Furthermore, the oxidation and calcification reactions of the spinel phases occurred at 592 and 630°C for n(CaO)/n(V2O5) ratios of 0.5 and 5, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51604065 and 51574082), the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB632603), and the Fundamental Funds for the Central Universities (Nos.150203003 and 150202001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Jing Wen, Tao Jiang, Mi Zhou, Hui-yang Gao, Jia-yi Liu & Xiang-xin Xue

  2. Liaoning Key Laboratory for Recycling Science of Metallurgical Resources, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Tao Jiang, Mi Zhou & Xiang-xin Xue

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  1. Jing Wen
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  2. Tao Jiang
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  3. Mi Zhou
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  6. Xiang-xin Xue
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Correspondence to Tao Jiang.

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Wen, J., Jiang, T., Zhou, M. et al. Roasting and leaching behaviors of vanadium and chromium in calcification roasting–acid leaching of high-chromium vanadium slag. Int J Miner Metall Mater 25, 515–526 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1598-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1598-3

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