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Effect of a Multicomponent Exercise Program (VIVIFRAIL) on Functional Capacity in Elderly Ambulatory: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial in Mexican Women with Dynapenia

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The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Background

During aging, loss of muscle strength (dynapenia) combined with unhealthy lifestyles and sedentarism can lead to functional limitations and dependency; currently there is still limited evidence about multicomponent training as a treatment for dynapenia and dependence in ambulatory older women.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of a multicomponent physical exercise program (VIVIFRAIL) on physical functionality in elderly ambulatory women with dynapenia.

Design, Setting and Participants

A non-randomized clinical trial was realized in 61 ambulatory older women (65–80 years old) with dynapenia that belonged from two Integral Gerontological Centers (IGC) of Hidalgo, Mexico, from June to December 2019.

Intervention

The control group (CG) received the physical daily training applied in the IGC (yoga, cardio-dance or tai chi) and the intervention group (IG) participated in a multicomponent program training (resistance, flexibility, balance and gait) called “VIVIFRAIL” for 12 weeks, minimum 3 weekly sessions of 45–60 minutes.

Measures

All participants were evaluated at baseline (0 weeks), intermediate (6 weeks) and final (12 weeks), evaluations included glucose, blood pressure (SBP and DBP), anthropometric test, body composition evaluation and functional performance test with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), muscle strength and a falls risk short test.

Results

52 older women completed the study, mean age was 71.9 ± 4.46. According to SPPB passport classification was 1 Type A, 1 Type B+, 9 Type C, 7 Type C+ and 9 Type D. After 12 weeks of intervention, statistical analysis showed that multicomponent exercise significantly improved strength (p=<0.001), gait speed (p<0.001), standing from a chair (p<0.001) and TUGT (p<0.001). About falls risk, intervention group went from 70% to 12.5% while control group went from 52.4% to 63.6% (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Older women who completed the 12 weeks multicomponent exercise program significantly improved their functionality in muscle strength, gait speed (3mt and 6mt), standing from a chair and TUGT tests. Also, it showed a significantly decrease in falls risk, therefore, this type of intervention can reduce the risk of frailty in the elderly.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the participation of the patients and the contribution of the team of nutritionists including the Jóvenes Construyendo el Futuro (Mexico, 2019) which helped in the performance of “VIVIFRAIL” program in IGC. Also, we deeply acknowledge the IAAMEH (Instituto para la Atención de las y los Adultos Mayores del Estado de Hidalgo) for their availability and access in their attention centers. The first author was supported by a fellowship from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) (No. 756901).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academic Group of Nutritional Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, México

    M. Romero-García, G. López-Rodríguez, M. González-Unzaga & Marcos Galván

  2. Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México

    S. Henao-Morán

  3. Ex-Hacienda la Concepción S/N, 42160, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México

    Marcos Galván

Authors
  1. M. Romero-García
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  2. G. López-Rodríguez
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  3. S. Henao-Morán
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  4. M. González-Unzaga
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  5. Marcos Galván
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marcos Galván.

Ethics declarations

Disclosures: The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

Ethical standard: The study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the School of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mexico, with the code CEEI-031-2019. All subjects have given their written informed consent. There is no public registry of this clinical trial.

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Romero-García, M., López-Rodríguez, G., Henao-Morán, S. et al. Effect of a Multicomponent Exercise Program (VIVIFRAIL) on Functional Capacity in Elderly Ambulatory: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial in Mexican Women with Dynapenia. J Nutr Health Aging 25, 148–154 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1548-4

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