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Utility of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) in Evaluating Self-Reported Dysphagia Associated with Oral Frailty in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older People

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The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to verify the associations between dysphagia as screened by the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) and indicators in the 100-mL water swallowing test (WST) or medical history among community-dwelling older people.

Study design

A cross-sectional study.

Setting and Participants

The study participants were 202 community-dwelling older Japanese adults aged ≥65 years.

Measurements

We investigated the participants’ basic attributes, including age, sex, body mass index, medical history (cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], and history of pneumonia within the previous year), and number of prescribed medications. Dysphagia assessment was performed using the EAT-10 and the 100-mL WST as subjective and objective examinations, respectively. The 100-mL WST used four indicators (SC: swallowing capacity, VS: volume per swallow, TS: time per swallow, and choking signs). Patients with and without dysphagia according to the EAT-10 were divided into two groups according to a cutoff score of 3, and the two groups were then compared in terms of their characteristics including medical history and 100-mL WST indicators. A multiple logistic regression model was used to determine whether the indicators of the 100-mL WST or medical history were independently associated with dysphagia in the EAT-10.

Results

The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that dysphagia in the EAT-10 was independently associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98–7.90), COPD (OR = 14.68; 95% CI = 3.14–68.85), and VS and TS in the 100-mL WST (OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.80–0.90 and OR = 3.03; 95% CI = 1.78–5.16, respectively).

Conclusions

Our results revealed that the EAT-10 was independently associated with the 100-mL WST and respiratory disease. We propose that swallowing rehabilitation incorporating respiratory training could be effective for older people screened using the EAT-10.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to all the participants for their valuable contributions to this study. We also thank Ms. Fumiko Iwai from Yamabe Dental Clinic and Ms. Chinatu Rokutanzono from Sasebo-Chuo Hospital for their support with the data collection.

Funding

Funding: None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sasebo-Yoshii Community Comprehensive Support Center, Sasebo, Japan

    T. Nishida

  2. Nagasaki, Japan

    K. Yamabe

  3. Department of Dementia Clinic, Sasebo-Chuo Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan

    Y. Ide

  4. Department of Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8520, Japan

    T. Nishida & Sumihisa Honda

Authors
  1. T. Nishida
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  2. K. Yamabe
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  3. Y. Ide
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  4. Sumihisa Honda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sumihisa Honda.

Ethics declarations

Declaration of interest: none

Competing interests: None declared.

Ethical Approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Sasebo-Chuo Hospital before the survey was conducted. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Nishida, T., Yamabe, K., Ide, Y. et al. Utility of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) in Evaluating Self-Reported Dysphagia Associated with Oral Frailty in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older People. J Nutr Health Aging 24, 3–8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1256-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1256-0

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