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Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the Predimed-Navarra randomized, trial

  • Published:
The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Objective

XXXto assess the effect on cognition of a controlled intervention testing Mediterranean diets (MedDiet).

Design

XXXrandomized trial after 6.5 years of nutritional intervention.

Setting

Eight primary care centers affiliated to the University of Navarra.

Participants

A random subsample of 285 participants (95 randomly allocated to each of 3 groups) of the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial. All of them were at high vascular risk (44.8% men, 74.1± 5.7 years at cognitive evaluation).

Interventions

Nutritional intervention comparing two MedDiets (supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil [EVOO] or mixed nuts) versus a low-fat control diet. Participants received intensive education to increase adherence to the intended intervention. Participants allocated to the MedDiet groups received EVOO (1 l/week) or 30 g/day of mixed nuts. Dietary habits were evaluated using a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Additionally, adherence to MedDiet was appraised using a 14-item questionnaire both at baseline and yearly thereafter.

Measurements

XXXcognitive performance as a main outcome and cognitive status (normal, mild cognitive impairment [MCI] or dementia) as a secondary outcome were evaluated by two neurologists blinded to group assignment after 6.5 years of nutritional intervention.

Results

Better post-trial cognitive performance versus control in all cognitive domains and significantly better performance across fluency and memory tasks were observed for participants allocated to the MedDiet+EVOO group. After adjustment for sex, age, education, apolipoprotein E genotype, family history of cognitive impairment/dementia, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, alcohol and total energy intake, this group also showed lower MCI (OR=0.34 95% CI: 0.12–0.97) compared with control group. Participants assigned to MedDiet+Nuts group did not differ from controls.

Conclusion

A long-term intervention with an EVOO-rich MedDiet resulted in a better cognitive function in comparison with a control diet. However, non-significant differences were found for most cognitive domains. Participants allocated to an EVOO-rich MedDiet had less MCI than controls.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School-Clinica, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

    Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina, E. Toledo, B. San Julian, A. Sanchez-Tainta & M. Á. Martinez-Gonzalez

  2. Center for Neuroimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina

  3. Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

    P. Clavero

  4. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain

    E. Toledo, D. Corella, R. M. Lamuela-Raventos, J. A. Martinez & M. Á. Martinez-Gonzalez

  5. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    D. Corella

  6. Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA. Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    R. M. Lamuela-Raventos

  7. Department of Nutrition, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain

    J. A. Martinez

  8. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea n1 1, Pamplona, Navarra, E-31008, Spain

    Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina

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Martinez-Lapiscina, E.H., Clavero, P., Toledo, E. et al. Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the Predimed-Navarra randomized, trial. J Nutr Health Aging 17, 544–552 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0027-6

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