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Laboratory evaluation of CX-10282 containing Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strain GHA against adult Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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Abstract

Western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a pest of cherries (Prunus spp.) in western North America that potentially could be managed using the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). Here, the product CX-10282 containing 11.3% B. bassiana strain GHA was evaluated as a potential control agent for adult R. indifferens by determining whether it can cause 100% fly mortality in the laboratory. Low or high label rates of 5.4 × 107 or 1.7 × 108 conidia/ml in five different modes of application and application volumes were tested. When one 1-μl drop of CX-10282 containing 1.6 × 105 conidia was applied onto a single female fly, 100% mortality was reached by 4 or 7 d. When CX-10282 was sprayed into a container with flies to produce 2.2 × 105 to 6.9 × 105 conidia/cm2 and flies left in containers, 76.2–99.5% mortality was reached by 15–21 d. When sprayed flies were moved into clean containers, 74.8% mortality was reached by 25 d. When a 9-cm diam filter paper with 2.8 × 107 conidia/cm2 was exposed to flies inside a container, 100% mortality was reached by 9 d. When flies were exposed to CX-10282 mixed with or without sucrose on filter paper, mortality was 98.2 or 99.7% by 20 d. Dead treatment flies had mycoses rates of 68.8–93.0%. Findings suggest that field studies to evaluate CX-10282 as an organic control product for adult R. indifferens are worth pursuing.

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Acknowledgments

I thank Certis USA, L.L.C. for supplying the CX-10282 used in this study, Ian Ritchie (USDA-ARS) for assistance, Diane Alston (Utah State University, Logan, UT, U.S.A.) and Claudia Daniel (The Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Switzerland) for reviewing early drafts of the manuscript, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Mention of product names are for research purposes only and do not constitute endorsements for their use by USDA-ARS.

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  1. United States Department of Agriculture, Temperate Tree Fruit & Vegetable Research Unit, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA, 98951, USA

    Wee L. Yee

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Key message

• Western cherry fruit fly is a quarantine pest that attacks cherries in western North America.

• Spinosad, pyrethrin, and neem oil are organic products for fly control.

• The fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana could be another organic control agent.

• Laboratory studies using the commercial product CX-10282 containing B. bassiana strain GHA indicated it can cause 100% adult fly mortality.

• Field studies to evaluate CX-10282 as an organic control agent of adult western cherry fruit fly are worth pursuing.

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Yee, W.L. Laboratory evaluation of CX-10282 containing Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strain GHA against adult Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae). Phytoparasitica 48, 231–245 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00797-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00797-5

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