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Association of Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus and a betasatellite with leaf curl disease of eggplant

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Abstract

Leaf samples (five) from brinjal/eggplant fields showing upward leaf curling symptoms were collected from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh state, India. The full length genome of begomovirus and associated betasatellite were amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced. Sequences of homologous DNA-A and its betasatellite in all samples were the same. The samples failed to amplify DNA-B, suggesting that the begomovirus associated with leaf curl disease of eggplant was monopartite. The complete genome (homologous of DNA-A) consists of 2758 nts, whereas the betasatellite has 1352 nts and the genome organization is typical of Old World begomoviruses. The sequence analysis showed high levels of nucleotide sequence identity (79.8–91.7%) of virus with Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus (ToLCJoV) infecting chilli in India, suggesting it as a strain of ToLCJoV based on the current ICTV taxonomic criteria for begomovirus strain demarcation. However, the betasatellite associated was identified as a variant of Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh betasatellite (ToLCBDB), with which it shared highest sequence identity of 84.7–94.8%. Phylogenetic analyses of the genome further supported the above results. The recombination analyses of both genome and betasatellite showed that a major part of genome sequences are derived from begomoviruses (ToLCJoV, ChiLCuV, AEV) infecting chilli, tomato, ageratum and betasatellite from PaLCuB as the foremost parents in evolution, suggesting this as a new recombinant virus strain. This is the first report of a monopartite begomovirus and a betasatellite molecule associated with the leaf curl disease of eggplant.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Director, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India, for providing research facilities.

Conflict of Interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, P.O. Jakhini (Shahanshapur), Varanasi, 221305, Uttar Pradesh, India

    V. Venkataravanappa, B. Mahesha & A. B. Rai

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, College of Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences (B), Chintamani, 563125, Karnataka, India

    C. N. Lakshminarayana Reddy

  3. Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake PO, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India

    P. Swarnalatha & M. Krishna Reddy

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  1. V. Venkataravanappa
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  2. C. N. Lakshminarayana Reddy
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Correspondence to V. Venkataravanappa or C. N. Lakshminarayana Reddy.

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Supplementary Fig. 1

Neighbor-Net generated for the genome component of ToLCJoV [IN:Eggplant:Varanasi:12] with other begomoviruses has shown significant signals for phylogenetic conflict indicating it is a recombinant virus (JPEG 372 kb)

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Venkataravanappa, V., Lakshminarayana Reddy, C.N., Swarnalatha, P. et al. Association of Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus and a betasatellite with leaf curl disease of eggplant. Phytoparasitica 42, 109–120 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-013-0345-6

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