Abstract
Screen house experiments were conducted under no choice conditions, to determine the tolerance, a mechanism of resistance, in cotton under a population pressure of 150 and 300 pairs of whiteflies Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Twelve cotton genotypes, viz., four resistant (NHH 44, Supriya, LD694 and PA 183), four susceptible (F 846, IS-376/4/1/20/72, LK 861 and RS 2013) and four with moderate reaction (T x Maroon 2-78, MRC 6304Bt, RS 2098 and CNH 911) to B. tabaci were assessed in terms of decrease in plant height, number of nodes and chlorophyll content (a, b and total) from control. The study revealed that all three characters are important to identify tolerance. A strong tolerance mechanism is operating in NHH 44. The genotypes LD 694 and PA 183 were rated as moderately tolerant, however, IS 376/4/1/20/72, Tx Maroon 2-78, MRC 6304Bt, F 846 and CNH 911 exhibited no tolerance mechanism and were categorized as the most susceptible genotypes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali, K., Louw, S. M., & Swart, W. J. (2005). Components and mechanisms of resistance in selected field pea Pisum sativum lines to the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 25, 114–121.
Anderson, J. M., & Boardman, N. K. (1964). Studies on greening of dark brown bean plants. Development of phytochemical activity. Australian Journal of Biology, 17, 93–101.
Butter, N. S., & Kular, J. S. (1999). Resurgence of whitefly in cotton and its management. Indian Journal of Entomology, 61, 85–90.
Cardoza, Y. J., McAuslane, H. J., & Webb, S. E. (1999). Mechanisms of resistance to whitefly-induced squash silver leaf disorder in zucchini. Journal of Economic Entomology, 92, 700–707.
Dhawan, A. K. (2004). Insect resistance in cotton: Achievements and challenges. In G. S. Dhaliwal & R. Singh (Eds.), Host plant resistance to insects; Concepts and applications (pp. 263–314). New Delhi, India: Panima.
Dhawan, A. K., Simwat, G. S., & Prakash, R. (1999). Evaluation of decidan for the control of bollworm complex on upland cotton. Pestology, 23, 55–62.
Dhillon, M. K., Sharma, H. C., Singh, R., & Naresh, J. S. (2005). Mechanisms of resistance to shoot fly, Atherigona soccata in sorghum. Euphytica, 144, 301–312.
Elbert, A., & Naven, R. (2000). Resistance of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to insecticides in Southern Spain with special reference to neonicotinoids. Pest Management Science, 56, 60–64.
Formusoh, E. S., Wilde, G. E., Hatchett, J. H., & Collins, R. D. (1992). Resistance to Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Tunisian wheats. Journal of Economic Entomology, 85, 2505–2509.
Formusoh, E. S., Wilde, G. E., Hatchett, J. H., & Collins, R. D. (1994). Resistance to Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in wheat and wheat-related hybrids. Journal of Economic Entomology, 87, 241–244.
Frei, A., Bueno, J. M., Diaz-Montano, J., Gu, H., Cardona, C., & Dorn, S. (2004). Tolerance as a mechanism of resistance to Thrips palmi in common beans. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 112, 73.
Guessan, F. K., Quisenberry, S. S., & Croughan, T. P. (1994). Evaluation of rice tissue culture lines for resistance to rice water weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 87, 504–513.
Jindal, V., & Dhaliwal, G. S. (2009). Elucidating resistance in cotton genotypes to whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, by population buildup studies. Phytoparasitica, 37, 137–145.
Jindal, V., Dhaliwal, G. S., & Dhawan, A. K. (2007). Mechanisms of resistance in cotton to whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): antibiosis. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 27, 216–222.
Lefko, S. A., Pedigo, L. P., & Rice, M. E. (2000). Alfalfa stand tolerance to potato leaf hopper and its effect on economic injury level. Agronomy Journal, 92, 726–732.
McAuslane, H. J., Webb, S. E., & Elmstrom, G. W. (1996). Resistance in germplasm of Cucurbita pepo to silverleaf disorder associated with Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Florida Entomologist, 79, 206–221.
Natarajan, P. (1992). Pyrethroids in management of insect pests of cotton and strategies to sustain their efficacy against pests of cotton. In A. K. Basu, & Narayanana, S. S. (Eds.) Achievements of All India coordinated cotton improvement project (silver jubilee souvenir) (pp. 17–18). Nagpur, India: Central Institute of Cotton Research.
Painter, R. H. (1951). Insect resistance in crop plants. New York, NY: MacMillan.
Shapiro, J. P., & Gottwald, T. R. (1995). Resistance of eight cultivars of citrus rootstocks to a larval root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 88, 148–154.
Singh, D., Denholm, I., Russel, D., Sharma, N., & Sarao, P. S. (1998). Insecticide resistance pattern in whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) from Punjab. In D. R. C. Bakhetia, V. K. Dilawari, J. Singh & B. S. Joia (Eds.), Critical issues of IPM in the changing agricultural scenario in India (pp. 50–51). Ludhiana, India: Punjab Agricultural University.
Singh, J., Sohi, A. S., Mann, H. S., & Kapur, S. P. (1994). Studies on whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) transmitted cotton leaf curl disease in Punjab. Journal of Insect Science, 7, 194–198.
Singh, R., & Dhaliwal, G. S. (2004). Insect-plant interactions and host plant resistance. In G. S. Dhaliwal & R. Singh (Eds.), Host plant resistance to insects: Concepts and applications (pp. 3–41). New Delhi, India: Panima.
Singh, R. P., Singh, V. P., Singh, M., Gupta, G. P., & Lal, C. B. (2001). Selection of narrow leaf upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) lines with better fibre quality and tolerance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 71, 131–133.
Unger, L. M., & Quisenberry, S. S. (1997). Categorization of six wheat plant introduction lines for resistance to the Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 90, 1408–1413.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jindal, V., Dhaliwal, G.S., Dhawan, A.K. et al. Mechanisms of resistance in cotton to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci): Tolerance. Phytoparasitica 37, 249–254 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-009-0037-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-009-0037-4