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Antibiosis mechanism and bases of resistance to the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in upland cotton introgression lines

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Abstract

Screen house leaf cage experiments were conducted under no-choice conditions to ascertain the antibiosis mechanism operating in introgression cotton lines against the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) during July and September 2022. Seventeen cotton introgression lines and two parents, namely Synthetic polyploid (A2D1) and upland cotton line PIL 43, were assessed for development and survival of various biological parameters like fecundity, nymphal and pupal growth index. An antibiosis mechanism of resistance was documented in the parent, Synthetic polyploid and introgression lines, D5-BW-WF-28, C1-P-1, C1-P-31, and C1-P-36, and were categorized as resistant lines. In resistant introgression lines, survival and the nymphal/pupal growth index were lower, but the overall development period was longer. Among biophysical parameters, trichome density, leaf area and vascular bundle length showed significantly positive whereas leaf lamina thickness exhibited negative association with fecundity. Sugars were found to be higher in susceptible genotypes whereas phenols and proteins were comparatively higher in resistant lines. However, total soluble and reducing sugars showed a positive correlation, while total soluble proteins and total phenols manifested a negative correlation with fecundity. It may thus be concluded that antibiosis mechanism of resistance is operating in cotton introgression lines; and biophysical and biochemical parameters play a predominant role in imparting resistance against B. tabaci. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report illustrating the development of whitefly resistant introgression lines using Synthetic cotton polyploid (A2D1).

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Acknowledgements

Work was supported by Department of Entomology, PAU for providing research facilities, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics for providing the seed material of cotton introgression lines to conduct experiments. Grateful to the Department of Biochemistry, PAU and GADVASU for providing laboratory facility to assess biochemical and anatomical parameters.

Funding

The research work was carried out under the project on ‘Development and Integration of Advanced Genomic Technologies for Targeted Breeding’. Sub project ‘Introgression and Mapping of Whitefly Resistance and Superior Fibre Quality in American Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)’ funded by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Ministry of Science and Technology (grant no. 102/IFD/SAN/3450/2021-22).

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  1. Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana, India

    Harsimran Kaur & Vijay Kumar

  2. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana, India

    Dharminder Pathak

  3. Department of Biochemistry, PAU, Ludhiana, India

    Manjeet Kaur Sangha

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Contributions

Dr Vijay Kumar designed the research and experiments. Dr Dharminder Pathak provided the cotton introgression lines and raised the crop for field experimentation. Dr M K Sangha provided technical guidance and lab facility to conduct biochemical analysis. Harsimran Kaur recorded all the observations for antibiosis experiment, morpho-anatomical and biochemical parameters. She also performed the statistical analysis. Harsimran Kaur, Dr Vijay Kumar and Dr Dharminder Pathak interpreted the data and wrote the paper.

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Kaur, H., Kumar, V., Pathak, D. et al. Antibiosis mechanism and bases of resistance to the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in upland cotton introgression lines. Phytoparasitica 52, 42 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-024-01160-8

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