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Progress in research on metal-based materials in stabilized Zn anodes

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Abstract

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) combine the benefits of metallic Zn anodes with those of aqueous electrolytes and are well suited for large-scale energy storage because of their inherent high safety, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Currently, the practical application of such batteries is hindered by the poor cycling performance of Zn anodes due to uncontrolled dendrite formation and severe side reactions, although recent reports suggest that these problems can be mitigated through the modification of Zn anodes with metal-based materials. Given that the mechanisms of improving Zn deposition and the structural evolution of metal-based materials have not been systematically reviewed, we herein systematically overview the metal-based materials used to stabilize Zn anodes, starting with a brief summary of the anode working mechanism and the challenges faced by stabilized Zn anodes. Subsequently, the design principles of Zn anodes stabilized by metal-based materials and the related recent progress are reviewed, and the key challenges and perspectives for the future development of such Zn anodes are proposed.

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摘要

水系锌离子电池(ZIBs)结合了金属锌阳极和水电解质的优点，由于其固有的高安全性、成本效益和生态友好性，非常适合大规模储能。目前，由于不受控制的枝晶形成和严重的副反应，锌阳极的循环性能较差，阻碍了这种电池的实际应用，尽管最近的报道表明，这些问题可以通过金属基材料改性锌阳极来缓解。鉴于金属基材料改善Zn沉积的机理和结构演化尚未得到系统综述，本文首先对金属基材料稳定Zn阳极的工作机理和稳定Zn阳极面临的挑战进行了简要概述，系统地综述了金属基材料用于稳定Zn阳极的研究。随后，综述了金属基材料稳定锌阳极的设计原理及相关研究进展，并提出了金属基材料稳定锌阳极未来发展的主要挑战和展望。

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62101296), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No. 2021JQ-760 and 2021JQ-756).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China

    Le Li & Shao-Feng Jia

  2. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Ming-Hui Cao

  3. State Key Laboratory for Artifcial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Yong-Qiang Ji

  4. Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Heng-Wei Qiu

  5. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China

    Dan Zhang

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  1. Le Li
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Li, L., Jia, SF., Cao, MH. et al. Progress in research on metal-based materials in stabilized Zn anodes. Rare Met. 43, 20–40 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-023-02441-7

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