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Flexible silver nanorods/carbon fiber felt metacomposites with epsilon-near-zero property adjusted by compressive deformation

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Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials exhibit great potentials in the practical applications of sensors, electronic skin, and wearable devices, when they own the properties of flexibility and compression. In this work, the silver nanorods (AgNRs)/carbon fiber felt (CFF) composites with ENZ property from 1 kHz to 1 MHz were achieved by adjusting the content of AgNRs and the compressed elastic deformation. Positive permittivity was obtained from the composite of 2.5 wt% AgNRs without compressive deformation; however, the ENZ property with negative permittivity as small as about − 50 was realized from this composite with 50% compressive deformation. During the process of compressive deformation, the isolated AgNRs were easier to form a conductive network and brought about a lower percolation threshold, resulting in ENZ property. The electron density was enhanced with increasing compressive deformation, which was closely related to negative permittivity and the alternating current conductivity.

Graphical abstract

摘要

具有柔性和可压缩特性的介电近零材料, 在传感器、电子皮肤和可穿戴设备等领域具有重要的应用前景。本研究通过改变银纳米棒的含量和银纳米棒/碳纤维毡复合材料的压缩形变, 使复合材料在1 kHz–1 MHz频段内实现了介电近零特性。对于含有2.5 wt%银纳米棒的复合材料, 在没有压缩形变的情况下, 材料表现为正介电常数; 当压缩形变达到50%时, 复合材料的负介电常数数值低至–50左右并出现了介电近零现象。在压缩形变过程中, 复合材料中孤立的银纳米棒更容易形成导电网络, 降低了逾渗阈值, 从而产生介电近零特性。研究表明, 压缩形变越大, 电子浓度越高, 而复合材料的负介电常数和交流电导率又与电子浓度密切相关。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51871146, 52271182 and 52105575), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 22ZR1426800), the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (No. YESS20200257) and the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 2019-01-07-00-10-E00053).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Jia-Hong Tian, Run-Hua Fan & Peng-Tao Yang

  2. Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China

    Run-Hua Fan & Hai-Kun Wu

  3. Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou, 311231, China

    Shan Jiang

  4. State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Flexible Electronics Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Yun-Lei Zhou

  5. Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, 125412, Russia

    Andrey Karlovich Sarychev

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  1. Jia-Hong Tian
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Correspondence to Hai-Kun Wu, Shan Jiang or Andrey Karlovich Sarychev.

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Tian, JH., Fan, RH., Yang, PT. et al. Flexible silver nanorods/carbon fiber felt metacomposites with epsilon-near-zero property adjusted by compressive deformation. Rare Met. 42, 3318–3325 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-023-02390-1

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