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High-temperature polymer-based nanocomposites for high energy storage performance with robust cycling stability

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Abstract

High-power capacitors are highly demanded in advanced electronics and power systems, where rising concerns on the operating temperatures have evoked the attention on developing highly reliable high-temperature dielectric polymers. Herein, polyetherimide (PEI) filled with highly insulating Al2O3 (AO) nanoparticles dielectric composite films have been fabricated aiming for high thermal stability and reliability operated under high cycling electric field and elevated temperature. At room temperature, incorporating a small fraction of 0.5 vol% AO nanoparticles gives rise to a highest discharged energy density (Ue) of 5.57 J·cm−3 and efficiency (η) of 90.9% at 650 MV·m−1, and a robust cycling stability up to 107 cycles at 400 MV·m−1. Due to the substantially reduced dielectric loss, 2.0 vol% AO/PEI nanocomposite film exhibits excellent high-temperature capacitive performances, delivering Ue ~ 7.33 J·cm−3 with η ~ 88.8% under 700 MV·m−1, and cycling stability up to 106 cycles under 400 MV·m−1 at 100 °C, and Ue ~ 5.57 J·cm−3 with η ~ 84.7% under 620 MV·m−1 at 150 °C. Molecular dynamic simulations are performed to understand the microscopic mechanism via revealing the polymer relaxation process in the AO/PEI composite at elevated temperatures. Our results are therefore very encouraging for high-temperature high-power capacitor application.

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摘要

随着先进电子器件和电力系统的深入发展, 对高功率电容器需求不断提升, 随之而来的实际工况下作业温度不断升高, 对开发高可靠高温聚合物电介质产生了更迫切的需求。因此, 本文在耐高温聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)基体中引入高绝缘、有良好导热性的Al2O3 (AO)纳米颗粒, 形成纳米复合材料, 以实现高温和高电场下稳定可靠的储能性能。在室温下, 0.5 vol% AO 纳米颗粒含量的复合膜在650 MV·m–1下最高放电能量密度(Ue)达5.57 J·cm–3, 效率(η)为90.9%, 在400 MV·m–1下经过高达 1×107次充放电循环后, 依然保持稳定的储能性能。2.0 vol% AO/PEI复合膜由于更低的介电损耗, 展现出优异的高温储能性能, 当温度升高到 100 °C, 700 MV·m–1下Ue高达 7.33 J·cm–3、η为88.8%; 400 MV·m–1电场充放电循环1×106次依然稳定; 150 °C条件下, 可在620 MV·m-1下获得 Ue~ 5.57 J·cm–3、效率η~84.7%储能性能。通过分子动力学模拟, 从微观上揭示了 AO/PEI复合材料中聚合物随温度变化的松弛过程有利于提高温度稳定性。 因此, 以上研究结果极有希望发展出高温应用的高功率电容器。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 92066203 and 51872009) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China

    Yi-Fan Chen, Yan-Tao Zheng, Ling-Yu Zhang, Lu Yang, Xin-Di Sun & Yao Wang

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Feng-Yuan Zhang & Zhi-Gang Liu

  3. Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China

    Yuan Deng & Yao Wang

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  1. Yi-Fan Chen
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Chen, YF., Zheng, YT., Zhang, FY. et al. High-temperature polymer-based nanocomposites for high energy storage performance with robust cycling stability. Rare Met. 42, 3682–3691 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-023-02312-1

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