Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Reappraisal of Duration and Eruptive Rates in Deccan Volcanic Province, India

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

Rapidly expanding geochronological, paleomagnetic and volcanological data of the Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP) has given new insights to the expansive knowledge on it that had been built up through the preceding decades. Precursory Late Cretaceous (80–68 Ma) magmatic activity across the Indian subcontinent preceded the main event of volcanism. The main Deccan event involved nearly continuous outpourings of ∼1.5 million km3 of flood basalts in a span of less than 2 m.y. on either side of the Cretaceous-Paleocene Boundary (KPB), corresponding to 3 magnetic chrons. This was followed by basaltic and silicic flows and alkaline magmatism that continued up to ∼61 Ma.

Several earlier postulated long-distance correlations of lava sequences based on chemical parameters are rendered invalid by the precision geochronology, leading to doubts regarding earlier models of volumetric eruptive rates. We suggest that pending better flow-field maps and correlations across the province, stacking rates based on thickness between chronological sampling points, combined with volcanological parameters provide a more robust and reproducible estimates of the eruptive rates. The stacking rates in different parts of the province were largely in the magnitude range of 103 m/m.y. and are comparable to those observed in other continental flood basalt provinces.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexander, P.O. (1981) Age and duration of Deccan Volcanism: K-Ar evidence. Mem Geol Soc India, no.3, pp.248–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez, W. (2003) Comparing the evidence relevant to impact and flood basalts at the times of major mass extinctions. Astrobiology, v.3, pp.153–161. doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/153110703321632480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Athavale, R.N. (1970) Paleomagnetism and Tectonics of a Deccan Trap Lava Sequence at Amarkantak, India. Jour Geophys Res, v.75(20), pp.4000–4006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auden, J.B. (1949) Dykes in western India - A discussion on their relationship with the Deccan Traps. Trans. National Inst Sci., v.3, pp.127–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastia, R., Radhakrishna, M., Das, S., Kale, A. S. and Catuneanu, O. (2010) Delineation of the 85°E ridge and its structure in the Mahanadi offshore basin, Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) from seismic reflection imaging. Marine and Petroleum Geol., v.30, pp.1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Basu, A.R., Chakrabarty, P., Szymanowski, D., Iganez-Mejia, M. Schoene, B., Ghosh, N. and Bastian Georg, R. (2020a) Widespread silicic and alkaline magmatism synchornous with the Deccan Trap flood basalts, India. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.552(116616), 10 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116616.

  • Basu, A.R., Renne, P.R., Dasgupta, D.K., Teichmann, F. and Poreda, R.J. (1993) Early and late alkali igneous pulses and a high-3He plume origin for the Deccan flood basalts. Science, v.261, pp.902–906.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basu, A.R., Saha-Yannopoulos, A. and Chakrabarty, P. (2020b) A precise geochemical volcano-stratigraphy of the Deccan traps. Lithos, v.376–377, 25p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105754.

  • Beane, J.E., Turner, C.A., Hooper, P.R., Subbarao, K.V. and Walsh, J.N. (1986) Stratigraphy, Composition and form of the Deccan basalts, Western Ghats, India. Bull Volcanol, v.48, pp.61–63. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01073513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanford, W.T. (1867) On the Traps and Intertrappean beds of Western and Central India. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, v.6, pp.137–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cas, R.A.F. and Wright, J.V. (1987) Volcanic Successions Modern and Ancient. Allen & Unwin; London, 528p.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N.V., Burgess, R., Lehmann, B., Mainkar, D. Pande, S.K., Hari, K.R. and Bodhankar, N. (2011) 40Ar-39Ar ages of mafic dykes from the Mesoproterozoic Chattisgarh basin, Bastar craton, Central India: implication for the origin and spatial extent of the Deccan Large Igneous Province. Lithos, v. 125, pp.994–1005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N.V., Dongre, A., Wu, F.-Y. and Lehmann, B. (2016) A Late Cretaceous (ca. 90 Ma) kimberlite event in southern India: implication for sub-continental lithospheric mantle evolution and diamond exploration. Gondwana Res., v.35, pp.378–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, P. and Dash, S. (2017) Building-up of 3D volcanic facies architecture of the Diveghat Formation of Deccan Traps. Geol. Surv. India Open File Rep, no. RP/CR/MH/2014/69, 337p.

  • Chatterjee, N., and Bhattacharji, S. (2001) Origin of the felsic and basaltic dykes and flows of the Rajula-Palitana - Sihor area of the Deccan Traps, Saurashtra, India: a geochemical and geochronological study. Internat. Geol. Rev., v.43, pp.1094–1116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chenet, A.L., Courtillot, V., Fluteau, F., Gérard, M., Quidelleur, X., Khadri, S.F.R., Subbarao, K.V., and Thordarson, T. (2009) Determination of rapid Deccan eruptions across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary using paleomagnetic secular variation: 2 Constraints from analysis of eight new sections and synthesis for a 3500-m thick composite section. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.114, B06103. p.38. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2008.JB005644.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chenet, A-L., Fluteau, F., Courtillot, V, Gérard, M. and Subbarao, K.V. (2008) Determination of rapid Deccan eruptions across the Cretaceous - Tertiary boundary using paleomagnetic secular variations: Results from a 1200 m thick section in the Mahabaleshwar escarpment. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.113, no:B04101, 27p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2006.JB004635.

  • Coffin, M.F. and Eldholm, O. (1993) Scratching the surface: Estimating dimensions of large igneous provinces. Geology, v.21, pp.515–518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colleps, C.L., McKenzie, N.R., Guenthner, W.R., Sharma, M., Gibson, T.M. and Stockli, D.F. (2021) Apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronometric constraints on the northern extent of the Deccan large igneous province. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.571(117087), 13p. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117087.

  • Courtillot, V., Besse, J., Vandamme, D., Montigny, R., Jaeger, J. J. and Cappetta, H. (1986). Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.80, pp.361–374. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(86)90118-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, K.G. and Hawkesworth, C.J. (1985) Geochemical stratigraphy of the Deccan Traps at Mahabaleshwar, Western Ghats, India, with implications for open system magmatic processes. Jour. Petrol., v.26, pp. 355–377.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cucciniello, C., Demonoterova, E.I., Sheth, H., Pande, K., Vijayan, A. (2015) 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and geochemistry of the Central Saurashtra mafic dyke swarm: insights into magmatic evolution, magma transport and dyke-flow relationships in the northwestern Deccan Traps. Bull. Volcanol., v.77(45), 19p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-105-0932-0.

  • Deshmukh, S.S. (1988) Petrological variations in compound flows in Deccan Traps and their significance. Mem. Geol. Soc. India, v.10, pp.305–319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dole, G., Patil Pillai, S., Upasani, D. and Kale, V.S. (2017) Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact: Comment. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.129, pp.253–255. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31520.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, R.A. and Pyle, D.G. (1988) Rapid eruption of the Deccan Flood Basalt at the Cretaceous / Tertiary Boundary. Nature, v.333, pp.841–843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eddy, M.P., Schoene, B., Samperton, K.M., Keller, G., Adatte, T. and Khadri, S.F.R. (2020) U-Pb zircon age constraints on the earliest eruptions of Deccan Large Igneous Province, Malwa Plateau, India. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.540(116249), 9p. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116249.

  • Eibl, E.P.S., Bean, C.J., Jónsdóttir, I. Höskuldsson, A., Thordarson, T. Coppola, D., Witt, T. and Walter, T.R. (2017) Multiple coincident eruptive seismic tremor sources during the 2014–2015 eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.122, pp.2972–2987. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013892.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ernst, R.E. and Youbi, N. (2017) How Large Igneous Provinces affect global climate, sometimes cause mass extinctions and represent natural markers in the geological record. Paleogeogr. Paleoclimat. Paleoecol., v.478, pp.30–52. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo2017.03.014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fendley, I.M., Mittal, T., Sprain, C.J., Marvin-DiPasquale, M., Tobin, T.S. and Renne, P.R. (2019) Constraints on volume and rate of Deccan Trap flood basalt eruptions using a combination of high-resolution terrestrial mercury records and geochemical box models. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.524(115721), 11p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115721.

  • Font, E., Adatte, T., Sial, A. N., De Lacerda, L. D., Keller, G. and Punekar, J. (2016) Mercury anomaly, Deccan volcanism and the end- Cretaceous mass extinction. Geology, v.44, pp.171–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geological Survey of India (2001) District Resources Map Series. Geological Survey of India Publications, Kolkata.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., and Schmitz, M. (Eds.), (2012) The Geological Time Scale 2012. Elsevier, Boston. v.1 and 2, 1144 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-44-59425-9.00004-4.

  • Gudmundsson, A. (2006) How local stresses control magma chamber ruptures, dyke injection and eruption in composite volcanoes. Earth Sci. Rev., v.79, pp.1–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.06.006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, A.J.L., Dehn, J. and Calvari, S. (2007) Lava effusion rate definition and measurement: a review. Bull. Volcanol., v.70, pp.1–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-007-0120-y.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasse, K.M., Regelous, M., Schobel, S., Gunther, T. and de Wall, H. (2019) Variations in melting processes and magma sources of the early Deccan flood basalts, Malwa Plateau, India. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.524(115711), 12 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115811.

  • Hooper, P.R. (1990) The timing of crustal extension and the eruption of continental flood basalts. Nature, v.345, pp.246–249. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/345246a0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hooper, P., Widdowson, M. and Kelley, S. (2010) Tectonic setting and timing of the final Deccan flood basalt eruptions. Geology, v.38(9), pp.839–842. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G31072.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ivanov, A.V. (2007) Evaluation of different models of the origin of the Siberian Traps. In Foulger, G.R. and Jurdy, D.M. eds. Plates, plumes and planetary processes. Geol. Soc. Amer. Sprc. Paper, v.430, pp.669–692. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.2430(31).

  • Jaeger, J.J., Courtillot, V. and Tapponnier, P. (1989) Paleontological view of the ages of the Deccan Traps, the Cretaceous / Tertiary boundary, and the India - Asia collision. Geology, v.17, pp.316–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jain, A.K., Banerjee, D.M. and Kale, V.S. (2020) Tectonics of the Indian subcontinent. Springer, 576 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42845-7.

  • Jay, A.E. and Widdowson, M. (2008) Stratigraphy, structure and volcanology of the SE Deccan continental flood basalt province: implications for eruptive extent and volumes: Jour. Geol. Soc. London, v.165, pp.177–188. doi: https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492006-062.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ju, W., Hou, G. and Hari K.R. (2017) Dyke emplacement in the Narmada rift zone and implications for the evolution of the Deccan Traps. In Mukherjee, S., Misra, A., Calves, G. and Nemcok, M. (Eds.), Tectonics of the Deccan Large Igneous Province. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., v.445, pp.297–315. doi: https://doi.org/10.1144/SP445.1.

  • Kale, V.S. (2020) Cretaceous volcanism in the Indian Plate: Rajmahal and Deccan Traps. In S.K. Tandon and N. Gupta (Eds.), Geodynamics of the Indian Plate: An evolutionary perspective. Springer, pp.233–298. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15989-4_8.

  • Kale, V.S., Bodas, M., Chatterjee, P. and Pande, K. (2020) Emplacement history and evolution of the Deccan Volcanic Province, India. Episodes, v.43, p. 278–299. doi:/https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2020/20015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kale, V.S., Dole, G., Patil Pillai, S. Chatterjee, P. and Bodas, M.S. (2021) Morphological types in the Deccan Volcanic Province, India: implications for emplacement dynamics of continental flood basalts. In. Srivastava, R.K., Ernst, R.E., Buchan, K.L and De Kock, M. (Eds.), Large Igneous Provinces and their plumbing systems. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., v.518. 53p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1144/SP518-2020-246.

  • Kale, V.S., Dole, G., Shandilya, P. and Pande, K. (2019) Stratigraphy and correlations in Deccan Volcanic Province, India: Quo vadis? Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.132, pp.588–607. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B35018.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kale, V.S., Kulkarni. H. and Peshwa, V.V. (1992) Discussion on: A geological map of the southern Deccan Traps, India and its structural implications. Jour Geol Soc London, v. 149, p.473–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kapur, V.V.and Khosla, A. (2018) Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences of India: a reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects. Geol. Jour., 32p., doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.3379.

  • Karmalkar, N.R., Duraiswami, R.A., Jonnalagadda, M., Griffin, W.L., Gregoire, M., Benoit, M and Delpech, G. (2016) Magma types and source characterization of the early Deccan magmatism, Kutch Region, NW India: insights from geochemistry of igneous intrusion. In Ed. Thakkar, M.G. Recent studies on the Geology of Kachchh. Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. India, no.6, pp.193–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karmalkar, N.R., Kale, M.G., Duraiswami, R.A. Jonnalagadda, M. (2014) Mid-Cretaceous lamproite from the Kutch region, Gujarat, India: genesis and tectonic implications. Gondwana Res., v.26, pp.942–956.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keller, G., Punekar, J. and Mateo, P. (2016) Upheavals during the late Maastrichtian: Volcanism, climate and faunal events preceding the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Paleogeogr. Paleoclimat. Paleoecol., v.441, pp.137–151, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.034.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keller, G., Mateo, P., Monkenbusch, J., Thibault, N., Punekar, J., Spangenberg, J.E., Abramovich, S., Ashckenazi-Poliveda, S., Schoene, B., Eddy, M.P., Samperton, K., Khadri, S.F.R. and Adatte, T. (2020) Mercury linked to Deccan Traps Volcanism, Climate Change and the end-Cretaceous Mass Extinction. Global Planet Change, v. 194(103312), doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103312

  • Khadri, S.F.R. (2003). Occurrence of N-R-N sequence in the Malwa Deccan lava flows to the north of Narmada region, Madhya Pradesh, India. Curr. Sci., v.85, pp.1126–1129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy, P. (2020a) The Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP), India: a review. Part 1. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.96, pp.9–35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1501-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy, P. (2020b) The Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP), India: a review. Part 2. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.96, pp.111–147. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1521-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, A., Pande, K., Venkatesan, T.R., Bhaskar Rao, Y.J. (2001) The Karnataka Late Cretaceous dykes as products of Marion hot spot at the Madagascar - India breakup event: evidence from 40Ar-39Ar geochronology and geochemistry. Geophys. Res. Lett., v.28, pp.2715–2718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lala, T., Mombasawala, L.S., Pande, K. and Paul, D.K. (2014) New 40Ar / 39Ar ages of dykes from Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh: evidence of polyphase dyke intrusion in eastern Deccan volcanic province. Curr. Sci., v.107, pp.1027–1032.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann, B., Burgess, R., Frei, D., Belyatsky, B., Mainkar, D., Chalapathi Rao, N.V. and Heaman, L.M. (2010) Diamondiferous kimberlites in central India synchronous with Deccan flood basalts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.290, pp.142–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindström, S., Callegaro, S., Davies, J., Tegner, C., van de Schootbrugge, B. Pederson, G.K., Youbi, N. Sanei, H. and Marzoli, A. (2021) Tracing volcanic emissions from the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in the sedimentary record. Earth Sci. Rev., v.212(103444), 27p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103444.

  • Manikyamba, C., Ganguly, S., Santosh, M., Saha, A. and Lakshminarayana, G. (2015) Geochemistry and petrogensis of Rajahmundry trap basalts of Krishna - Godavari basin, India. Geosci. Frontiers, v.6, pp.437–451. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2014.05.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manu Prasanth, M.P., Hari, K.R. and Santosh, M. (2019) Tholeiitic basalts of Deccan large igneous province, India: an overview. Geol. Jour., 14p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/gj3497.

  • Óskarsson, B.V., Anderson, C.B., Riishuus, M.S., Sørensen, E.V. and Tegner, C. (2017) The mode of emplacement of Neogene flood basalts in eastern Iceland: the placioclase ultraphyric basalts in the Grænavatn group. Jour. Volcan. Geotherm. Res., v.289, pp.26–50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.01.006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pande, K. (2002) Age and duration of the Deccan Traps, India: A review of radiometric and paleomagnetic constraints. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Earth Planet. Sci.), v.111, pp.115–123. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pande, K., Cucciniello, C., Sheth, H, Vijayan, A., Sharma, K.K., Purohit, R., Jagadeesan, K.C. and Shinde, S. (2017a) Polychronous (Early Cretaceous to Palaeogene) emplacement of the Mundwara alkaline complex, Rajasthan, 40Ar-39Ar geochronology, petrochemisty and geodynamics. Internat. Jour. Earth Sci., v.106, pp.1487–1504.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pande, K., Sheth, H.C., Bhutani, R. (2001) 40Ar-39Ar age of St, Mary Island volcanics, southern India: record of India - Madagascar break-up on the Indian Subcontinent. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.193, pp.39–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pande, K., Yatheesh, V. and Sheth, H. (2017b) 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Mumbai tholeiites and Panvel flexure: intense 62.5 Ma onshore-offshore Deccan magmatism during India - Laxmi Ridge - Sychelles breakup. Geophys. Jour. Internat., v.210, pp.1160–1170. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jgi/ggx205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parisio, L., Jourdan, F., Marzoli, A., Melluso, L., Sethna, S. F. and Bellieni, G. (2016) 40Ar/ 39Ar ages of alkaline and tholeiitic rocks from the northern Deccan Traps: implications for magmatic processes and the K-Pg boundary. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, v.173, pp.679–688. doi: https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2015-133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pathak, V., Patil, S.K. and Shrivastava, J.P. (2017) Tectonomagmatic setting of lava packages in the Mandla lobe of the eastern Deccan volcanic province, India: palaeomagnetism and magnetostratigraphic evidence. In Mukherjee, S., Misra, A., Calves, G. and Nemcok, M. (Eds.), Tectonics of the Deccan Large Igneous Province. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., no.445, pp.69–94. doi: https://doi.org/10.1144/SP445.3.

  • Patel, V., Sheth, H., Cucciniello, C. Joshi, G.W., Wegner, W., Samant, H., Sen, B. and Koeberl, C. (2020) Geochemistry of Deccan tholeiite flows and dykes of Elephanta island: insights into the stratigraphy and structure f the Panvel Flexure Zone, Western Indian rifted margin. Geosciences, v.10(118), 35p. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10040118.

  • Patil, S.K., Gadpallu, P., Monteiro, A., Sepahi, M.N. and Duraiswami, R.A. (2020) Characterising the Bushe - Poladpur contact across the Western Deccan Traps and implications for mapping the K-Pg Boundary? Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.95, pp.227–240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1421-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Percival, L.M.E., Juenkyns, H.C., Mather, T.A., Dickson, A.J., Betenburg, S.J., Ruhl, M., Hesselbo, S.P., Barclay, R., Jarvis, I., Robinson, S.A. and Woelders, L. (2018) Does Large Igneous Province volcanism always perturb the mercury cycle? Comparing the records of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 and the end-Cretaceous to other Mesozoic events. Amer. Jour. Sci., v.318, pp.799–860. doi: https://doi.org/10.2475/08.2018.01.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prasad, G.V.R. and Sahni, A. (2014) Vertebrate fauna from the Deccan Volcanic province: response to volcanic activity. In. Keller, G. and Kerr, A.C. (Eds.), Volcanism, Impact and mass extinctions: causes and effects. Geol Soc Amer. Spec. Paper, v.505, pp.195–212. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2505(09).

  • Punekar, J., Keller, G., Khozyem, H., Hamming, C., Adatte, T., Tantawy, A.A.A. M., and Ponte, J. (2014) Late Maastrichtian - early Danian high stress environments and delayed recovery linked to Deccan volcanism. Cretaceous Res, v. 49, pp.63–82. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo2015.08.025.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Racki, G. (2020) Volcanism as a prime cause of mass extinctions: retrospectives and perspectives. In Adatte, T., Bond, D.P.G. and Keller, G. (Eds.), Mass extinctions, volcanism and impacts: new developments. Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper, v.544, pp.1–34. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/2019.2544(01).

  • Racki, G. (2021) Big 5 mass extinctions. In Alderton, D. and Scott, A. (Eds.), Encyclopaedia of Geology 2nd Edn., v.3; pp.603–616. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B978-0-12-409548-9.12028-7

  • Ray, J.S., Pande, K. and Pattanayak, S.K. (2003) Evolution of the Amba Dongar Carbonatite complex: constraints from 40Ar/39Ar chronologies of the Inner Basalt and an alkaline plug. Internat. Geol. Rev., v.45, pp.857–862.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renne, P.R., and Basu, A.R. (1991) Rapid eruption of the Siberian Traps flood basalts at the Permo-Triassic boundary. Science, v.253, pp.176–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renne, P.R., Deino, A.L., Hilgen, F.J., Kuiper, K.F., Mark, D.F., Mitchell, W.S., III, Morgan, L.E., Mundil, R., and Smit, J. (2013) Time scales of critical events around the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Science, v.339, pp.684–687. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renne, P. R., Sprain, C. J., Richards, M. A., Self, S., Vanderkluysen, L. and Pande, K. (2015). State shift in Deccan Volcanism at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary possibly induced by impact. Science, v.350, pp.76–78. doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ac7549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richards, M.A., Alvarez, W., Self, S., Karlstrom, L., Renne, P.R., Manga, M., Sprain, C.J., Smit, J., Vanderkluysen, L. and Gibson, S.A. (2015) Triggering of the larg-est Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.127(11–12), pp.1507–1520. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31167.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sahni, A., and Bajpai, S. (1988) Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, paleomagnetic and radiometric evidence from peninsular India. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.32, pp.382–396.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahoo, S. Chalapathi Rao, N.V., Monie, P., Belyatsky, B., Dhote, P. and Lehmann, B. (2020) Petrogeochemisty, Sr-Nd isotopes and 40Ar/39Ar ages of fractionated alkaline lamprophyres from the Mount Girnar igneous complex (NW India): insights into the timing of magmatism and the lithospheric mantle beneath the Deccan Large Igneous Province. Lithos, v.374–375(105712). 19p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105712.

  • Samant, H., Patel, V., Pande, K., Sheth, H. and Jagadeesan, K.C. (2019) 40Ar-39Ar dating of tholeiitic flows and dykes of Elephanta Island, Panvel flexure zone, western Deccan Traps: a five-million-year record of magmatism preceding India - Laxmi Ridge - Sychelles breakup. Jour. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., v.379, pp.12–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.05.004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schöbel, S., de Wall, H., Ganerød, M., Pandit, M.K., and Rolf, C. (2014) Magnetostratigraphy and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of the Malwa Plateau region (Northern Deccan Traps), central western India: Significance and correlation with the main Deccan Large Igneous Province sequences. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.89, pp.28–45. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.03.022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schoene, B., Eddy, M.P., Keller, C.B. and Samperton, K.M. (2021) An evaluation of Deccan Traps eruptions rates using geochronologic data. Geochronology, v.3, pp.181–198. doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-181-2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schoene, B., Eddy, M.P., Samperton, K.M., Keller, C.B., Keller, G., Adatte, T., Khadri, S.F.R. (2019) U-Pb constraints on pulsed eruption of the Deccan Traps across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Science, v.363, pp.862–866. doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau2422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schoene, B., Samperton, K.M., Eddy, M.P., Keller, G., Adatte, T., Bowring, S.A. and Gertsch, B. (2015) U-Pb geochronology of the Deccan Traps and relation to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Science, v.347, p.182–184. doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa0018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Self, S., Jay, A.E., Widdowson, M., and Keszthelyi, L.P. (2008) Correlation of the Deccan and Rajahmundry trap lavas: are these the longest and largest lava flows on Earth? Jour. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., v.172, pp.3–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.11.012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sen, B. and Sabale, A.B. (2011) Flow-types and lava emplacement history of Rajahmundry Traps, West of River Godavari, Andhra Pradesh. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.78, pp.457–467.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shandilya, P., Chatterjee, P., Pattabhiram, K., Bodas, M., Pande, K. and Kale, V.S., (2020) Rajgad GPB: a megaporphyritic flow field, Western Deccan Volcanic Province, India. Jour. Earth Sys. Sci., v.129(113) 11p. doi: /https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-1375-3.

  • Sheth, H.C. (2016) Giant plagioclase basalts: Continental flood basalt-induced remobilization of anorthositic mushes in a deep crustal sill complex. Geol Soc Amer. Bull, v.128, pp.916–925, doi:https://doi.org/10.1130/B31404.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheth, H.C., Ray, J.S., Ray, R., Vanderkluysen, L., Mahoney, J.J., Kumar, A., Shukla, A.D., Das, P., Adhikari, S. and Jana, B. (2009) Geology and geochemistry of Pachmarhi dykes and sills, Satpura Gondwana Basin, central India: problems of dyke-sill flow correlations in the Deccan Traps. Contrib Mineral Petrol, v.158, pp.357–380. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-009-0387-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheth, H., Vanderklyusen, L., Demonterova, E. I., Ivanov, A. V. and Savatenkov, V. M. (2018) Geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Nandurbar - Dhule mafic dyke swarm: dyke-sill-flow correlations and stratigraphic development across the Deccan flood basalt province. Geol. Jour., v.54, pp.157–176. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.3167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shrivastava, J.P., Duncan, R.A. and Kashyap, M. (2015) Post-K/Pg younger 40Ar-39Ar ages of the Mandla lavas: implications for the duration of the Deccan volcanism. Lithos, v.224–225, pp.214–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shrivastava, J. P., Kumar, R. and Rani, N. (2017) Feeder and post Deccan Trap dyke activities in the northern slope of the Satpura Mountain: Evidence from new 40Ar-39Ar ages. Geosci. Frontiers, v.8, pp.483–492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shrivastava, J. P., Mahoney, J. J. and Kashyap, M. R. (2014) Trace elemental and Nd-Sr-Ph isotopic compositional variation in 37 lava flows of the Mandla lobe and their chemical relation to the western Deccan stratigraphic succession, India. Mineral. Petrol., v.108, pp.801–817.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprain, C.J., Renne, P.R., Clemens, W.A. and Wilson, G.P. (2018) Calibration of chron C29r: new high precision geochronologic and paleomagnetic constraints from Hell Creek region, Montana. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.130, pp.1615–1644. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31890.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprain, C.J., Renne, P.R., Vanderkluysen, L., Pande, K., Self, S. and Mittal, T. (2019) The eruptive tempo of Deccan volcanism in relation to the Cretaceous Paleogene Boundary. Science, v.363, pp.866–870. doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav1146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sreenivasa Rao, M., Reddy, R.M., Subbarao, K.V., Prasad, C.V.R.K. and Radhakrishnamurthy, C. (1985) Chemical and magnetic stratigraphy of parts of Narmada region, Deccan Basalt Province. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.26(9), pp.617–639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, R.K., Wang, F. and Shi, W. (2020) Substantiation of Reunion plume induced prolonged magmatic pulses (ca. 70.5 - 65.5 Ma) of Deccan LIP in the Chhotanagpur Gneissic Complex, eastern India: constraints from 40Ar/ 39Ar geochronology. Jour. Earth Sys. Sci., v.129(96), 10p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-1364-6.

  • Subbarao, K.V. and Hooper, P.R. (1988) Reconnaissance map of the Deccan Basalt Group in the Western Ghats, India: Scale 1: 1,000,000. In Subbarao, K.V., (Ed.), Deccan Flood Basalts. Mem. Geol. Soc. India, v.10, enclosure.

  • Sukheswala, R.N. and Poldervaart, A. (1958) Deccan basalts of the Bombay area. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.69, pp.1475–1494.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thordarson, T. and Self, S. (1998) The Roza Member, Columbia River Basalt Group: a gigantic pahoehoe lava flow field formed by endogenous processes? Jour. Geophys. Res., v.103 (B11), pp.27411–27445. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB01355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thordarson, T. and Self, S. (2003) Atmospheric and environmental impact of the 1783 - 1784 Laki eruption: a review and reassessment. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.108 (D1): no. 4011. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD002042.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanderkluysen, L., Mahoney, J.J., Hooper, P.R., Sheth, H.C. and Ray, R. (2011) The feeder system of the Deccan Traps(India): Insights from dike geochemistry. Jour. Petrol., v.52(2), pp.315–343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vye-Brown, C., Self, S. and Barry, T.L. (2013) Architecture and emplacement of flood basalt flow fields: case studies from the Columbia River Basalt Group, NW USA. Bull. Volcanol., v.75, pp.697 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-013-0697-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White, S.M., Crisp, J.A. and Spera, F.J. (2006) Long-term volumetric eruption rates and magma budgets, Geochem. Geophys. Geosys., v.7(Q03010), 20 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GC001002.

  • Widdowson, M., Pringle, M.S. and Fernandez, O.A. (2000) A post-K-T Boundary (Early Palaeocene) age for Deccan-type feeder dykes, Goa, India. Jour. Petrol., v.41, pp.1177–1194. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/41.7.1177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgemetns

We have greatly benefitted by lively discussions on the subject with Gauri Dole, Makarand Bodas, Paul Renne, Shilpa Patil Pillai and Steve Self. Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India grant (IR/S4/ESF-04/2003) toward setting up the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay DST National Facility for 40Ar/39Ar Geothermochronology laboratory and maintenance support grant (15IRCCCF04) from Industrial Research and Consultancy Centre, IIT Bombay are gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. Harsh Gupta (President, Geological Society of India) for inviting VSK to contribute this article. Prof. B. Mahabaleshwar (Editor, Geological Society of India) and the anonymous referee(s) provided invaluable inputs in improving the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Center for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), Kshipra Society, Pune, 411 058, India

    Vivek S. Kale

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (Bombay), Powai, Mumbai, 400 078, India

    Kanchan Pande

Authors
  1. Vivek S. Kale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kanchan Pande
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vivek S. Kale.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kale, V.S., Pande, K. Reappraisal of Duration and Eruptive Rates in Deccan Volcanic Province, India. J Geol Soc India 98, 7–17 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-022-1921-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-022-1921-5

Search

Navigation