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Assessment of exposure of broiler chicken in Brazil to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed

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Abstract

The objective of the present study was to assess the degree of exposure of broiler chicken to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed and the hygienic quality of feeds. For this purpose the total fungal count and occurrence of fumonisins and aflatoxins were evaluated in four feed types intended for broilers (n = 158), collected from a poultry breeding farm in northern Paraná State, Brazil. In most feed samples (94 % pre-starter, 91 % starter, 99 % grower and 97 % finisher feeds) the total mould and yeast counts were below 1.0 × 104 CFU/g, the maximum limit established to assure a good hygienic quality of the product. Fumonisins were detected in 94.9 % feed samples at mean levels ranging from 0.52 mg/kg (finisher) to 0.68 mg/kg (pre-starter and grower), while aflatoxins were detected in 72.1 % feed samples at mean levels ranging from 0.0022 mg/kg (pre-starter) to 0.0064 mg/kg (grower). The maximum estimated daily intake of fumonisin B1 for broilers (0.057 mg/kg body weight/day) was below the Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (2 mg/kg bw/day). Concerning aflatoxins, most of the positive samples (97 %) showed aflatoxin levels below the maximum limit allowed by the European Commission 0.02 mg aflatoxin B1/kg. Nevertheless, a rigorous monitoring program of the feed producing chain is essential in order to minimize human health hazards. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the degree of exposure of broilers to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed in Brazil.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the CNPq (the Brazilian Government organization for grant aid and fellowship to Brazilian researchers) in association with MAPA (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply), the Araucária Foundation (Paraná State grant), Paraná Fund/SETI and CAPES (Coordination for formation of High Level Professionals) – Nanobiotechnology Network Program (04/CII-2008) for financial support. The CNPq research productivity fellowship is greatly appreciated by E.Y.S. Ono, M.A. Ono and E.Y. Hirooka, as well the CAPES/MSc scholarship by C.N. Rossi and J.G. Bordini.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-980, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Carolina Nachi Rossi, Jaqueline Gozzi Bordini & Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono

  2. Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-980, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Cássia Reika Takabayashi & Elisa Yoko Hirooka

  3. Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-980, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Mario Augusto Ono

  4. Department of Biochemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan, 761-0765

    Osamu Kawamura

  5. Department of Statistics, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-980, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Edio Vizoni

  6. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-980, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono

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  1. Carolina Nachi Rossi
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Correspondence to Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono.

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Rossi, C.N., Takabayashi, C.R., Ono, M.A. et al. Assessment of exposure of broiler chicken in Brazil to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed. Food Sec. 5, 541–550 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-013-0278-4

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