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Component matching of a series hybrid electric bus using nonlinear programming

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Abstract

Conventional developed component matching methods for a series type hybrid electric vehicle have a high computational burden or component alternation researches have considered only a few parts without the weight variation of each component. To address such problems, this study presents a novel component matching method with nonlinear programming (NLP) for a series hybrid electric bus. The fuel consumption minimization problem is discretized in time and multistarting points are used with the variations of each component. The proposed matching method suggests to use novel initial standards for component matching such that both the computational efficiency and accuracy could be achieved simultaneously. As a result, the most fuel efficient component combination among 8 components could be found, where the results were verified with those of dynamic programming (DP).

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Abbreviations

a :

vehicle acceleration

A :

frontal area

B eff :

battery efficiency

c d :

air drag coefficient

DP:

dynamic programming

fc total :

total fuel consumption

g :

gravitational acceleration

g e :

gear ratio between the engine and the generator

I b :

battery current

m :

gross weight

NLP:

nonlinear programming

OOP:

optimal operating point

P e :

engine output power

P f :

engine fuel power

P g :

generator output power

P m :

mechanical power in the traction motor

P r :

required electric power in the traction motor

Q :

total battery capacity

r g :

reduction gear ratio

R i :

total battery internal resistance

r t :

tire radius

SOC :

state of charge

t r :

tractive resistance

v s :

vehicle speed

V bus :

bus voltage

V o :

open circuit voltage

w e :

engine output speed

w e,max :

maximum engine speed

w g :

generator speed

w m :

traction motor speed

ΔSOC :

variation of SOC

η e :

combustion efficiency

η g :

efficiency of the reduction gear

η g :

efficiency of the generator

η m :

efficiency of the motor

θ :

slope angle

μ :

rolling resistance coefficient

ρ :

air density

τ e :

engine output torque

τ e,max :

maximum engine torque

τ g :

generator torque

τ m :

mechanical torque of the traction motor

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, South Korea

    Minjae Kim

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Kim, M. Component matching of a series hybrid electric bus using nonlinear programming. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 18, 1043–1056 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-017-0123-3

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