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Non-reciprocal Heterogeneous Nucleation in Solidification of Ag–Cu Alloys

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Abstract

Taking Ag-27 at% Cu hypoeutectic and Ag-67 at% Cu hypereutectic alloys as examples, a theoretical criterion was established based on the classical nucleation theory to predict the non-reciprocal nucleation. For a eutectic alloy composed of α and β solid phases, non-reciprocal nucleation will not occur if the critical nucleation work of one phase on the other phase is approximately equal to that of the latter on the former. Otherwise, one phase can act as the more effective nucleation substrate for the other phase and non-reciprocal nucleation takes place. For Ag–Cu alloys, the wetting angle of β-Cu on α-Ag is larger than that of α-Ag on β-Cu, but the critical nucleation work for β-Cu to heterogeneously nucleate on α-Ag in hypoeutectic alloys is obviously smaller than that for α-Ag on β-Cu in hypereutectic Ag–Cu alloys. Thus, α-Ag phase is a better nucleant for β-Cu phase than vice versa and the Ag–Cu alloys solidify with non-reciprocal nucleation, reflected by only a halo of α-Ag around primary β-Cu phase in the hypereutectic Ag–Cu alloy.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52231002, 51620105012 and 51821001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China

    Qingyuan Qin, Zhao Zhang, Lin Yang & Jinfu Li

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  1. Qingyuan Qin
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  2. Zhao Zhang
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  4. Jinfu Li
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Contributions

QQ: Conceptsualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review and editing, Visualization. ZZ Formal analysis, Validation, Writing—review and editing. LY Investigation, Writing—review and editing. JL Methodology, Validation, Writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Jinfu Li.

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Qin, Q., Zhang, Z., Yang, L. et al. Non-reciprocal Heterogeneous Nucleation in Solidification of Ag–Cu Alloys. Met. Mater. Int. 30, 1270–1281 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-023-01580-x

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