Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Optimizing the Hot Deformation Microstructure of GH4975 Superalloy by Sup-solvus Temperature Holding Followed by Extremely Slow Cooling

  • Published:
Metals and Materials International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To optimize the hot deformation microstructure of the difficult-to-deform GH4975 superalloy, this study investigates the effect of cooling rate after sup-solvus temperature holding on the initial microstructure before hot deformation, and the effect of initial microstructure difference on the hot deformation microstructure. The results indicate that with decreasing the cooling rate from 1 to 0.1 °C min−1, the γ′ precipitates evolve into big size and irregular shape gradually, and the ratio of volume fraction to size of γ′ precipitates decreases. These changes intensify the bulging of grain boundaries (GBs) and enhance the migration of dislocations and GBs in γ matrix. Therefore, the nucleation and development of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) grains in γ matrix during deformation are promoted, but the refinement effect of DRX grains in γ matrix is weakened. Noteworthily, there is a transition point when the cooling rate is extremely slow so that the fully grown γ′ precipitates can contact each other and separate or seal off the local γ matrix. The DRX grains in γ matrix cannot penetrate the envelope of γ′ precipitates and undergo significant refinement. Moreover, these large and irregular γ′ precipitates are fragmented into chains during deformation, undergo DRX, and eventually become refined. This is to say, sup-solvus temperature holding (1220 °C for 10 h) followed by extremely slow cooling (0.1 °C min−1) can not only ensure high DRX fraction, but also ensure fine grains of deformed microstructure, which is a recommended pretreatment process.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. Xu, Z.H. Yao, J.X. Dong, Y.K. Jiang, Rare Met. 38, 642–652 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Ou, Y. Ma, H. Ge, W. Xing, Y. Zhou, S. Zheng, K. Liu, J. Alloys Compd. 735, 193–201 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Tan, Y. Li, F. Liu, Y. Nie, L. Jiang, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 35, 2591–2599 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. K. Yang, T. An, J. Qu, J. Du, H. Qin, S. Zheng, Z. Bi, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 832, 142459 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Zhang, X. Li, K. Wei, Z. Wan, C. Jia, T. Wang, Z. Li, Y. Sun, H. Liang, Acta Metall. Sin. 56, 1401–1410 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. X. Xiang, H. Jiang, J. Dong, Z. Yao, Acta Metall. Sin. 56, 988–996 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Z. Bi, H. Qin, Z. Dong, X. Wang, M. Wang, Y. Liu, J. Du, J. Zhang, Acta Metall. Sin. 55, 1160–1174 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. F. Li, R. Fu, F. Yin, D. Feng, H. Wang, G. Du, Y. Feng, J. Alloys Compd. 693, 1076–1082 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. P.A. Manohar, M. Ferry, T. Chandra, ISIJ Int. 38, 913–924 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Nes, N. Ryum, O. Hunderi, Acta Metall. 33, 11–22 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Y. Wu, C. Li, X. Xia, H. Liang, Q. Qi, Y. Liu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 67, 95–104 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. B. Zhang, G. Zhao, W. Zhang, G. Xu, H. Qin, in Superalloys 2016: Proceedings of the 13th Intenational Symposium of Superalloys, ed. by M. Hardy, E. Huron, U. Glatzel, B. Griffin, B. Lewis, C. Rae, V. Seetharaman, S. Tin (Wiley, Hoboken, 2016), pp. 487–496

    Google Scholar 

  13. X.D. Lu, J.H. Du, Q. Deng, Z.Y. Zhong, J. Alloys Compd. 486, 195–198 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. X.D. Lu, Q. Deng, J.H. Du, J.L. Qu, J.Y. Zhuang, Z.Y. Zhong, J. Alloys Compd. 477, 100–103 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Z. Liu, W. Liu, H. Zhang, J. Ruan, H. Huang, X. Zhou, F. Meng, S. Zhang, L. Jiang, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 24, 1973–1990 (2023)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. C.L. Qiu, P. Andrews, Mater. Charact. 76, 28–34 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. L. Xu, C.Q. Sun, C.Y. Cui, C. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 678, 110–115 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. S.L. Semiatin, S.L. Kim, F. Zhang, J.S. Tiley, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 46, 1715–1730 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Wu, Z. Huang, N. Zhou, J. Chen, P. Zhou, L. Jiang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 739, 473–479 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S.L. Semiatin, F. Zhang, J.S. Tiley, D.U. Furrer, Mater. High Temp. 33, 301–309 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. V. Randle, B. Ralph, Acta Metall. 34, 891–898 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. A.K. Koul, R. Thamburaj, Metall. Trans. A 16, 17–26 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. A.K. Koul, G.H. Gessinger, Acta Metall. 31, 1061–1069 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. B. Xie, H. Yu, T. Sheng, Y. Xiong, Y. Ning, M.W. Fu, J. Alloys Compd. 803, 16–29 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. M. Winning, G. Gottstein, L.S. Shvindlerman, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 317, 17–20 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Miura, H. Aoyama, T. Sakai, J. Jpn. Inst. Met. 58, 267–275 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. H. Miura, T. Sakai, R. Mogawa, J.J. Jonas, Philos. Mag. 87, 4197–4209 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Y. Guan, Y. Liu, Z. Ma, H. Li, H. Yu, Met. Mater. Int. 28, 1488–1498 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. P. Liu, R. Zhang, Y. Yuan, C. Cui, F. Liang, X. Liu, Y. Gu, Y. Zhou, X. Sun, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 77, 66–81 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. D. Feng, X.M. Zhang, S.D. Liu, Y.L. Deng, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 608, 63–72 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Lv, C. Jia, X. He, Z. Wan, Y. Li, X. Qu, Adv. Eng. Mater. 22, 2000622 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. J. Chen, J. Dong, M. Zhang, Z. Yao, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 673, 122–134 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Y. Wu, Y. Liu, C. Li, X. Xia, J. Wu, H. Li, J. Alloys Compd. 771, 526–533 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge the financial support by National Natural Science Foundation of China with Grant N.52174303, National Natural Science Foundation of China with Grant N.51874084, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities with Grant N.2125026 and Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities with Grant N. B21001.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Yushuo Li, Yanwu Dong, Zhouhua Jiang, Shuyang Du, Kean Yao, Yong Wang & Xinwei Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Yanwu Dong & Zhouhua Jiang

Authors
  1. Yushuo Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yanwu Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zhouhua Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shuyang Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Kean Yao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yong Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xinwei Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yanwu Dong.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, Y., Dong, Y., Jiang, Z. et al. Optimizing the Hot Deformation Microstructure of GH4975 Superalloy by Sup-solvus Temperature Holding Followed by Extremely Slow Cooling. Met. Mater. Int. 30, 1356–1369 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-023-01570-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-023-01570-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation