Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Correlation Between Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Characteristics of AZ31 Mg Alloy Processed by Accumulative Roll Bonding Process

  • Published:
Metals and Materials International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, the effect of the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion characteristics of AZ31 Mg alloy was investigated. First, the ARB process up to 3 cycles at 350 °C was applied to annealed AZ31 Mg alloy sheets. Then, all samples were characterized via microstructure observations, mechanical investigations, and also, electrochemical analyses, and immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. In addition, the L929 cell line was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the samples. The obtained results showed that after the third ARB cycle, the average grain size in the annealed sample decreased from ~ 14 to ~ 3 µm. Some ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructures that had a grain size of fewer than 1 μm were also observed in the 3-cycle ARB-processed sample. This grain refinement led to an increase in the yield strength and micro-hardness values of the annealed sample from ~ 153 MPa, and ~ 55 Hv to ~ 214 MPa, and ~ 76 Hv. However, the ARB process had an adverse effect on the corrosion characteristics of samples, and the corrosion rate increased after the ARB process. Moreover, the viability of L929 cells in culture media containing extracts obtained from the annealed sample was higher than that for the 3-cycle ARB-processed sample after 3 days of incubation. The influence of microstructural evolution in the ARB-processed AZ31 Mg alloy on the corresponding mechanical properties, corrosion behaviors, and cytotoxicity results was discussed in detail.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time due to technical or time limitations.

References

  1. Y. Ali, D. Qiu, B. Jiang, F. Pan, M.-X. Zhang, J. Alloy. Compd. 619, 639 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. R. Zheng, J.-P. Du, S. Gao, H. Somekawa, S. Ogata, N. Tsuji, Acta Mater. 198, 35 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. J. Tian, H. Lu, W. Zhang, H. Nie, Q. Shi, J. Deng, W. Liang, L. Wang, J. Magnes. Alloy. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2021.01.007

  4. A. Yamashita, Z. Horita, T.G. Langdon, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 300, 142 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Fata, G. Faraji, M.M. Mashhadi, V. Tavakkoli, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 674, 9 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Q. Wang, Y. Chen, M. Liu, J. Lin, H.J. Roven, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 527, 2265 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. C.-C. Huang, J.-C. Hung, C. Hung, C.-R. Lin, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Tech. 56, 1039 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. M.R.G. Ferdowsi, M. Mazinani, G.R. Ebrahimi, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 606, 214 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Du, Z. Lan, H. Zhang, S. Lü, H. Liu, J. Guo, J. Alloy. Compd. 802, 660 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. H. Ning, X. Zhou, Z. Zhang, W. Zhou, J. Guo, Appl. Surf. Sci. 464, 644 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. J. Lyu, J. Kim, H. Liao, J. She, J. Song, J. Peng, F. Pan, B. Jiang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 773, 138735 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. A. Stoch, A. Brożek, G. Kmita, J. Stoch, W. Jastrzębski, A. Rakowska, J. Mol. Struct. 596, 191 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. M.P. Staiger, A.M. Pietak, J. Huadmai, G. Dias, Biomaterials 27, 1728 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. N.S. Manam, W.S.W. Harun, D.N.A. Shri, S.A.C. Ghani, T. Kurniawan, M.H. Ismail, M.H.I. Ibrahim, J. Alloy. Compd. 701, 698 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D.B. Pokharel, L. Wu, J. Dong, X. Wei, I.-I.N. Etim, D.B. Subedi, A.J. Umoh, W. Ke, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 66, 202 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. M.E. Gomes, R.L. Reis, Int. Mater. Rev. 49, 261 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. F. Witte, V. Kaese, H. Haferkamp, E. Switzer, A. Meyer-Lindenberg, C.J. Wirth, H. Windhagen, Biomaterials 26, 3557 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J.M. Burnell, C. Liu, A.G. Miller, E. Teubner, Am. J. Physiol.-Renal. 250, F302 (1986)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Krause, N. Von der Höh, D. Bormann, C. Krause, F.-W. Bach, H. Windhagen, A. Meyer-Lindenberg, J. Mater. Sci. 45, 624 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. C. Castellani, R.A. Lindtner, P. Hausbrandt, E. Tschegg, S.E. Stanzl-Tschegg, G. Zanoni, S. Beck, A.-M. Weinberg, Acta Biomater. 7, 432 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Y. Xin, K. Huo, H. Tao, G. Tang, P.K. Chu, Acta Biomater. 4, 2008 (2008)

  22. R. Zeng, W. Dietzel, F. Witte, N. Hort, C. Blawert, Adv. Eng. Mater. 10, B3 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Y.-H. Ho, S.S. Joshi, T.-C. Wu, C.-M. Hung, N.-J. Ho, N.B. Dahotre, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 109, 110632 (2020)

  24. S.S.A. El-Rahman, Pharmacol. Res. 47, 189 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Y. Ding, C. Wen, P. Hodgson, Y. Li, J. Mater. Chem. B 2, 1912 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. T.-C. Wu, Y.-H. Ho, S.S. Joshi, R.S. Rajamure, N.B. Dahotre, Laser. Med. Sci. 32, 797 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. N. Sezer, Z. Evis, S.M. Kayhan, A. Tahmasebifar, M. Koç, J. Magnes. Alloy. 6, 23 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. H.S. Brar, M.O. Platt, M. Sarntinoranont, P.I. Martin, M.V. Manuel, JOM 61, 31 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M.-H. Kang, H.-D. Jung, S.-W. Kim, S.-M. Lee, H.-E. Kim, Y. Estrin, Y.-H. Koh, Mater. Lett. 108, 122 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Y. Cubides, A.I. Karayan, M.W. Vaughan, I. Karaman, H. Castaneda, Materialia 13, 100840 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S.W. Lee, S.-H. Kim, S.H. Park, J. Magnes. Alloy. 8, 537 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. C.L. Mendis, K. Oh-ishi, Y. Kawamura, T. Honma, S. Kamado, K. Hono, Acta Mater. 57, 749 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. J.H. Lee, B.J. Kwak, T. Kong, S.H. Park, T. Lee, J. Magnes. Alloy. 7, 381 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Y. Sun, Y. Chen, N. Tsuji, S. Guan, J. Alloy. Compd. 819, 152956 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Jiang, Q. Zhou, J. Yu, A. Ma, D. Song, F. Lu, L. Zhang, D. Yang, J. Chen, Surf. Coat. Tech. 216, 259 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Y. Pei, Y. Gui, T. Huang, F. Chen, J. Guo, S. Zhong, Z. Song, Mater. Res. Express 7, 066525 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Prithivirajan, S. Narendranath, V. Desai, J. Magnes. Alloy. 8, 1128 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J. Sun, B. Xu, Z. Yang, X. Zhuo, J. Han, Y. Wu, D. Song, H. Liu, J. Jiang, A. Ma, Mater. Charact. 164, 110341 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. D. Song, A. Ma, J. Jiang, P. Lin, D. Yang, J. Fan, Corros. Sci. 52, 481 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. M. Němec, A. Jäger, K. Tesař, V. Gärtnerová, Mater. Charact. 134, 69 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. M.W. Vaughan, A.I. Karayan, A. Srivastava, B. Mansoor, J.M. Seitz, R. Eifler, I. Karaman, H. Castaneda, H.J. Maier, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 115, 111130 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. N. Saikrishna, G.P.K. Reddy, B. Munirathinam, B.R. Sunil, J. Magnes. Alloy. 4, 68 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. I. Antoniac, M. Miculescu, V. Mănescu, A. Stere, P.H. Quan, G. Păltânea, A. Robu, K. Earar, Materials 15, 1148 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Q.F. Wang, X.P. Xiao, X.J. Chen, W. Chen, Mater. Sci. Forum 551-552, 249 (2007)

  45. M. Abbasi, S.A. Sajjadi, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 27, 3508 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. M. Sun, M. Liu, B. Zhang, Z. Chen, H. Jiang, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 29, 5273 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. L. Lutterotti, D. Chateigner, S. Ferrari, J. Ricote, Thin Solid Films 450, 34 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. L. Lutterotti, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B Interact. Mater. At. 268, 334 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. E. Merson, V. Poluyanov, D. Merson, P. Myagkikh, Mater. Proc. 6, 3 (2021)

  50. X.N. Gu, N. Li, Y.F. Zheng, F. Kang, J.T. Wang, L. Ruan, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176, 1802 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. M. Peron, Relating stress corrosion cracking behavior to microstructural and surface properties of biocompatible AZ31 alloy, Ph.D. Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2020)

  52. L. Huang, X. Pei, L. Luo, X. Rao, Y. Jing, Y. Liu, Mater. Trans. 61, 893 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. M. Dongol, A. El-Denglawey, M.S. Abd El Sadek, I. Yahia, Optik 126, 1352 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. S.-Y. Chang, S.-W. Lee, K.M. Kang, S. Kamado, Y. Kojima, Mater. Trans. 45, 488 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. H. Utsunomiya, K. Izumi, T. Sakai, T. Mukai, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 165, 012011 (2009)

  56. K. Halmešová, Z. Trojanová, J. Džugan, Z. Drozd, P. Minárik, M. Knapek, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 219, 012023 (2017)

  57. K. Kubota, M. Mabuchi, K. Higashi, J. Mater. Sci. 34, 2255 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. H.K. Kim, W.J. Kim, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 385, 300 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. G.B. Hamu, D. Eliezer, L. Wagner, J. Alloy. Compd. 468, 222 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. D. Song, A.B. Ma, J.H. Jiang, P.H. Lin, D.H. Yang, J.F. Fan, Corros. Sci. 53, 362 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. E. Mena-Morcillo, L. Veleva, J. Magnes. Alloy. 8, 667 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Z. Feng, B. Hurley, M. Zhu, Z. Yang, J. Hwang, R. Buchheit, J. Electrochem. Soc. 166, C520 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Y. Gu, A. Ma, J. Jiang, H. Li, D. Song, H. Wu, Y. Yuan, Mater. Charact. 138, 38 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Q. Xie, A. Ma, J. Jiang, H. Liu, B. Saleh, J. Mater. Res Technol. 11, 1031 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. M. Jamesh, S. Kumar, T.S. Narayanan, Corros. Sci. 53, 645 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. N. Wang, R. Wang, Y. Feng, W. Xiong, J. Zhang, M. Deng, Corros. Sci. 112, 13 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. J. Wu, R. Wang, Y. Feng, C. Peng, J. Alloy. Compd. 765, 736 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. S. Nayak, B. Bhushan, R. Jayaganthan, P. Gopinath, R.D. Agarwal, D. Lahiri, J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 59, 57 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. N. Martynenko, E. Lukyanova, V. Serebryany, D. Prosvirnin, V. Terentiev, G. Raab, S. Dobatkin, Y. Estrin, Mater. Lett. 238, 218 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. D. Song, C. Li, N. Liang, F. Yang, J. Jiang, J. Sun, G. Wu, A. Ma, X. Ma, Mater. Design 166, 107621 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. H. Wang, Y. Estrin, H. Fu, G. Song, Z. Zúberová, Adv. Eng. Mater. 9, 967 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. C. Op’tHoog, N. Birbilis, Y. Estrin, Adv. Eng. Mater. 10, 579 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. N.N. Aung, W. Zhou, Corros. Sci. 52, 589 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. H.S. Kim, W.J. Kim, Corros. Sci. 75, 228 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. A. Atrens, G.-L. Song, M. Liu, Z. Shi, F. Cao, M.S. Dargusch, Adv. Eng. Mater. 17, 400 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. K.D. Ralston, N. Birbilis, Corrosion 66, 075005 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. G.-L. Song, Z. Xu, Electrochim. Acta 55, 4148 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. S. Gollapudi, Corros. Sci. 62, 90 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. G.-L. Song, Z. Xu, Corros. Sci. 63, 100 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. J. Chen, L. Wu, X. Ding, Q. Liu, X. Dai, J. Song, B. Jiang, A. Atrens, F. Pan, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 64, 10 (2021)

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support of the University of Isfahan (UI), Iran.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran

    Sepehr Samiei & Ghasem Dini

  2. Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, 14588-89694, Tehran, Iran

    Sepehr Samiei

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran

    Mehdi Ebrahimian-Hosseinabadi

Authors
  1. Sepehr Samiei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ghasem Dini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mehdi Ebrahimian-Hosseinabadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ghasem Dini.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interests

The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Samiei, S., Dini, G. & Ebrahimian-Hosseinabadi, M. Correlation Between Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Characteristics of AZ31 Mg Alloy Processed by Accumulative Roll Bonding Process. Met. Mater. Int. 29, 192–203 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-022-01202-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-022-01202-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation