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Fabrication of Gas Metal Arc Welding Based Wire Plus Arc Additive Manufactured 347 Stainless Steel Structure: Behavioral Analysis Through Experimentation and Finite Element Method

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Abstract

Wire plus arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology is utilized to fabricate a 347 stainless steel (SS347) plate using the gas metal arc welding process. The tensile properties of the WAAM plate revealed enhanced strength in comparison with the wrought alloy SS347. The microhardness and the ferrite measurement along the building direction (BD) were in the range of 265–226 HV0.5 and 2.2–5.1 FN (Ferrite number), respectively. The microstructural features were comprehensively examined using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis and the Inverse pole figure (IPF) maps revealed a strong <001> texture along the BD. Also, well-aligned equiaxed and columnar dendrites with a lower fraction of niobium carbide (NbC) was noticed in the microstructures of the as-built WAAM plate. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to simulate the build-up of a WAAM plate. Goldak heat source is used to model heat flux in thermal analysis, and the temperature distributions were predicted. Further, residual stress and plastic strain distributions were examined at various stages of the WAAM process.

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source model: a Schematic illustration, and b FE analysis

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source comparison between experimental and FE analysis: a during the deposition, and b the cooling phase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 015, India

    R. Pramod, S. Mohan Kumar, A. Rajesh Kannan & N. Siva Shanmugam

  2. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3W8, Canada

    Reza Tangestani

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Pramod, R., Mohan Kumar, S., Rajesh Kannan, A. et al. Fabrication of Gas Metal Arc Welding Based Wire Plus Arc Additive Manufactured 347 Stainless Steel Structure: Behavioral Analysis Through Experimentation and Finite Element Method. Met. Mater. Int. 28, 307–321 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-021-01026-2

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