Abstract
Nanoscale alumina (Al2O3) powders with an average size of 100, 200, or 300 nm were sintered to investigate the effects of the initial powder size on the densification behavior under the application of microwaves (2.45 GHz, 2 kW). The sintering was performed using microwave-assisted sintering (MWS) and conventional sintering (CS) methods in the temperature range of 1100–1600 °C for 0–180 min. The Al2O3 samples prepared with the 100-nm-sized powders using MWS exhibited a relative density (RD) of over 90% when sintered at 1200 °C for 10 min; the same RD was achieved at 1500 °C when the sintering was performed for the same time using CS. However, a sintering temperature difference of ~100 °C for a RD of ~90% was observed between the MWS and CS methods for the 300-nm-sized powders. Nano-grained (~290 nm) Al2O3 ceramics with a high density of ≥90% were obtained from nanoscale powders (~100 nm) using MWS methods. The response of the nanoscale powders to microwaves was more significant as the initial powder size decreased from 300 to 100 nm.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. H. Brosnan, G. L. Messing, and D. K. Agrawal, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 86, 1307 (2003).
K. Maca, V. Pouchly, and Z. Shen, Integr. Ferroelectr. 99, 114 (2008).
X.-H. Wang, X.-Y. Deng, H.-L. Bai, H. Zhou, W.-G. Qu, and L.-T. Li, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 89, 438 (2006).
X.-H. Wang, P.-L. Chen, and I.-W. Chen, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 89, 431 (2006).
R. Viter, A. Katoch, and S. S. Kim, Met. Mater. Int. 20, 163 (2014).
I.-J. Shon, H.-S. Kang, J.-M. Doh, and J.-K. Yoon, Met. Mater. Int. 21, 345 (2015).
G. Cao, Nanostructures and Nanomaterials, p. 1, Imperial College Press, London (2004).
D. F. Stein, Microwave Processing of Materials. Committee on Microwave Processing of Materials, National Academies Press, Washington D. C. (1994).
D. E. Clark and W. H. Sutton, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 26, 299 (1996) (Updated in Ceramic Transaction Vol. 80) 61 (1997).
E. T. Thostenson and T. W. Chou, Compos. Part A 30, 1055 (1999).
J. D. Katz, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 22, 153 (1992).
J. H. Booske, R. F. Cooper, and S. A. Freeman, Mat. Res. Innovat. 1, 77 (1997).
J. M. Osepchuk, IEEE Trans. MTT-32, 1200 (1984).
F. Zuo, C. Carry, S. Saunier, S. Marinel, and D. Goeuriot, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96, 1732 (2013).
K. Kim, E. Kim, Y. Kim, K. Park, Korean J. Met. Mater. 52, 155 (2014).
J.-B. Ahn, D. S. Kim, S.-Y. Yoon, and C. J. Choi, Korean J. Met. Mater. 54, 275 (2016).
M._A. Janney, H. D. Kimrey, M. A. Schmidt, and J. O. Kiggans, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74, 1675 (1991).
M. A. Janney and H. D. Kimrey, Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 189, 215 (1991).
Y. Fang, J. Cheng, and D. K. Agrawal, Mater. Lett. 58, 498 (2004).
M. Mizuno, S. Obata, S. Takayama, S. Ito, N. Kato, T. Hirai, and M. Sato, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 24, 387 (2004).
J. Cheng, D. Agrawal, Y. Zhang, and R. Roy, Mater. Lett. 56, 587 (2002).
C. J. Reidy, T. J. Fleming, S. Hampshire, and M. R. Towler, Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol. 8, 1475 (2011).
M. J. Bannister and J. Woolfrey, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 53, 114 (1970).
L. C. D. Jonghe and M. N. Rahaman, 4.1 Sintering of Ceramics, Handbook of Advanced Ceramics, p. 187, Academic Press, Oxford (2003).
R. Griffiths and C. Radford, Calculations in Ceramics, Maclaren and Sons Ltd., p. 28–42, London (1965).
K. Oura, V. G. Lifshits, A. A. Saranin, A. V. Zotov, and M. Katayama, Surface Science: An Introduction, Springer, p. 325, Berlin (2003).
K. I. Rybakov, V. E. Semenov, S. A. Freeman, J. H. Booske, and R. F. Cooper, Phys. Rev. B 55, 3559 (1997).
K. I. Rybakov and V. E. Semenov, Phys. Rev. B 49, 64 (1994).
J. H. Booske, R. F. Cooper, S. A. Freeman, K. I. Rybakov, and V. E. Semenov, Phys. Plasmas 5, 1664 (1998).
J. Woolfrey, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 55, 383 (1972).
M. J. Bannister, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 51, 548 (1968).
M. N. Rahaman, Ceramic Processing and Sintering, pp. 679–752, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York (1995).
A. Birnboim, J. P. Calame, and Y. Carmel, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 478 (1999).
H. S. Yun, H. H. Kim, D. Y. Jeong, and N. H. Cho, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98, 1087 (2015).
W. Q. Shao, S. O. Chen, D. Li, H. S. Cao, Y. C. Zhang, and S. S. Zhang, Bull. Mater. Sci. 31, 903 (2008).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yun, HS., Kim, JC., Jeong, DY. et al. Effect of nanoscale powders and microwave sintering on densification of alumina ceramics. Met. Mater. Int. 22, 1108–1115 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-016-6300-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-016-6300-6