Skip to main content
Log in

Zinc phosphate conversion coatings on magnesium alloys: A review

  • Published:
Metals and Materials International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Phosphating is one of the most widely used surface treatments of steels and aluminum due to its low-cost, easy mass production, good corrosion resistance and good adhesion with paint. Many researchers have tried to expand applications of the phosphating process, especially to magnesium alloys for automobiles and aerospace applications. Recently, the coatings on magnesium alloys by zinc phosphate conversion coatings (Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O) have been intensively studied. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of phosphate conversion coatings developed for magnesium alloys, in terms of coating properties, phosphate conversion coatings processes and compositions of phosphating bath.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y. Kojima, Mater. Sci. Forum 350–351, 3 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. A. L. Rudd, C. B. Berslin, and F. Mansfeld, Corros. Sci. 42, 275 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. J. E. Gray and B. Luan, J. Alloys Compd. 33, 88 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P. L. Hagans and C. M. Haas, Chromate Conversion Coatings, ASM Handbook, Surface Engineering, Vol. 5, p.405, ASM Int. (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  5. L. Y. Niu, G. Y. Li, Z. H. Jiang, L. P. Sun, D. Han, and J. S. Lian, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 16, 567 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Song, D. Shan, and R. Chen, Corros. Sci. 51, 62 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. R. C. Zeng, Z. D. Lan, J. Chen, X. H. Mo, and E. H. Han, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 19, 397 (2009).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. B. L. Lin, J. T. Lu, G. Kong, and J. Liu, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 17, 755 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. D. Wang, P. Jokiel, A. Uebleis, and H. Boehni, Surf. Coat. Technol. 88, 147 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Albu-Yaron and Y. M. Aravot, Thin Solid Films 232, 208 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. F. Zucchi, A. Frignani, V. Grassi, G. Trabanelli, and C. Monticelli, Corros. Sci. 49, 4542 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. Zhao, S. S. Wu, J. R. Luo, Y. Fukuda, and H. Nakae, Surf. Coat. Technol. 200, 5407 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Z. Y. Yong, J. Zhu, C. Qiu, and Y. L. Liu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 1672 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D. Zimmermann, A. G. Mun, and J. W. Schultze, Electrochim. Acta 48, 3267 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. X. Sun, D. Susac, R. Li, K. C. Wong, T. Foster, and K. A. R. Mitchell, Surf. Coat. Technol. 155, 46 (2002).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. I. J. Polmear, Light alloys, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  17. G. L. Song, Prog. Org. Coat. 70, 252 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. R. S. Busk, Nomenclature and Specification, Magnesium Products Design, Ch. 3, Marcel Dekker, New York (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  19. S. S. Cho, B. S. Chun, C. W. Won, S. D. Kim, B. S. Lee, and H. Baek, J. Mater. Sci. 34, 4311 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. L. Kouisni, M. Azzi, M. Zertoubi, and F. Dalard, Surf. Coat. Technol. 185, 58 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Y. L. Cheng, H. L. Wu, Z. H. Chen, H. M. Wang, and L. L. Li, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 16, 1086 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. L. Kouisni, M. Azzi, F. Dalard, and S. Maximovitch, Surf. Coat. Technol. 192, 239 (2005).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Q. Li, S. Xu, J. Hu, S. Zhang, X. Zhong, and X. Yang, Electrochim. Acta 55, 887 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. G. Y. Li, J. S. Lian, L. Y. Niu, Z. H. Jiang, and Q. Jiang, Surf. Coat. Technol. 201, 1814 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. S. Lian, G. Y. Li, L. Y. Niu, C. D. Gu, Z. H. Jiang, and Q. Jang, Surf. Coat. Technol. 200, 5956 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. L. Y. Niu, Z. H. Jiang, G. Y. Li, C. D. Gu, and J. S. Lian, Surf. Coat. Technol. 200, 3021 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. R. Amini and A. A. Sarabi, Appl. Surf. Sci. 257, 7134 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. R. C. Zeng, Z. D. Lan, L. H. Kong, Y. D Huang, and H. Z. Cui, Surf. Coat. Technol. 205, 3347 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. L. Y. Niu, J. X. Lin, Y. Li, Z. M. Shi, and L. C. Xu, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 20, 1356 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. T. S. N. S. Narayanan, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 9, 130 (2005).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. H. W. Huo, Y. Li, and F. Wang, Corros. Sci. 46, 1467 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. C. H. Liang, R. F. Zheng, and N. B. Huang, J. Appl. Electrochem 39, 1857 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. C. L Wen, S. K. Guan, L. Peng, C. X. Ren, X. Wang, and Z. H. Hu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 6433 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Tegehall, Colloids Surf. A 42, 373 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  35. U. C. Nwaogu, C. Blawert, N. Scharnagl, W. Dietzel, and K. U. Kainer, Corros. Sci. 52, 2143 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. L. Y. Niu, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 18, s365 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. B. Lin, Y. Xu, and E. Li, Adv. Mater. Res. 337, 112 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. W. Machu, Mettalwirtschaft 22, 481 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. J. Saison, PhD Thesis, Paris (1962).

  40. W. I. Wulfson and Rabinovitch, Korrosiya I Borbasnei 3, 363 (1937).

    Google Scholar 

  41. V. Cupr and J. B. Pelikan, Metalloberfläche 7, 230 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  42. R. C. Zeng, J. Zang, W. J. Huang, W. Dietzel, K. U. Kainer, C. Blawert and W. Ke, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 16, s763 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. K. W. Guo, Recent Patents on Corrosion Science 2, 13 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. ISO Standards Handbook: Paints and Varnishes, Vol. 1. General Test Methods: Part 1, ISO2409 code (2002).

  45. M. Mosialek, G. Mordarski, P. Nowak, W. Simka, G. Nawrat, M. Hanke, R. P. Socha, and J. Michalska, Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 51 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. C. S. Lin, C. Y. Lee, W. C. Li, Y. S. Chen, and G. N. Fang, J. Electrochem. Soc. 153, B90 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. H. Zhang, G. C. Yao, S. L Wang, Y. H. Liu, and H. J. Luo, Surf. Coat. Technol. 202, 1825 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. M. Zhao, S. S. Wu, J. R. Luo, Y. Fukuda, and H. Nakae, Surf. Coat. Technol. 200, 5407 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. K. Z. Chong and T. S. Shih, Mater. Chem. Phys. 80, 191 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. W. Q. Zhou, D. Y. Shan, E. H. Han, and W. Ke, Corros. Sci. 50, 329 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. X. B. Chen, N. Birbilis, and T. B. Abbott, Corros. Sci. in Press (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Y. W. Song, D. O. Shan, R. S. Chen, F. Zhang, and E. H. Han, Corros. Sci. 51, 62 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. J. Hu, C. Wang, W. C. Ren, S. Zhang, and F. Liu, Mater. Chem. Phys. 119, 294 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. M. Tomozawa and S. Hiromoto, Acta Mater. 59, 355 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. F. Liu, D. Y. Shan, E. H. Han, and C. S. Liu, Trans. Nonferr, Met. Soc. China 18, s344 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. H. L. Jin, Acta Metall. Sinica 22, 65 (2009).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sungmo Moon.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Phuong, N.V., Lee, K., Chang, D. et al. Zinc phosphate conversion coatings on magnesium alloys: A review. Met. Mater. Int. 19, 273–281 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-013-2023-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-013-2023-0

Keywords

Navigation