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Water quality assessment and hydrogeochemical characterization of the Ouargla complex terminal aquifer (Algerian Sahara)

  • 3rd CAJG 2020
  • Published:
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Abstract 

The complex terminal (CT) aquifer is a very important water resource in Ouargla regions. Most of the population depends on groundwater for their daily needs especially for drinking, house needs, and irrigation purposes. The present study confers groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigational purposes and the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the CT aquifer of Ouargla. For this study, sixty-four (64) groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for different physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, major cations, and anions). The results show that water quality does not meet the WHO drinking water standards. The CT aquifer appears highly mineralized and very hard, and concentrations of major elements are often above recommended standards. Besides, the water quality index (WQI) was used to approach the water potability. This index highlighted three classes of water quality; poor (52%), very poor (33%), and non-potable (15%). The assessment of water quality for agriculture was carried out based on EC, SAR (electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio), the percentage of sodium (Na%), Kelly ratio (KR), permeability index (PI), the risk of magnesium (MH), residual sodium carbonate (RSCB), and salinity potential (PS). The obtained results revealed that the CT aquifer waters are unsuitable for irrigation with reference to EC and PS. However, this groundwater can be used in highly permeable soil with good leaching and for salt-tolerant plants. The Piper trilinear diagram of groundwater shows the dominance of Mg-Na-SO4 (51%) and Mg-Na-Cl (49%) facies. Besides, the Gibbs diagrams, the chemical reports, the saturation indices and the principal component analysis (PCA) show that the groundwater chemistry, the dissolution of evaporite and the cation exchange are the factors governing the groundwater salinity.

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Abbreviations

CI:

Continental intercalaire

CT:

Complex terminal

SASS:

The North Sahara Aquifer System

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Underground Oil. Gas. and Aquifer Reservoirs Laboratory, Department of Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Kasdi Merbah, Route de Ghardaia, BP 511, 30000, Ouargla, Algeria

    Maha Kharroubi, Boualem Bouselsal & Mohammed Ouarekh

  2. Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, 30000, Fez, Morocco

    Lahcen Benaabidate

  3. Laboratory of Water Resources Mobilization and Management (LMGRE), Department of Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Batna 2, Fesdis, Algeria

    Rahma Khadri

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  1. Maha Kharroubi
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Responsible Editor: Broder J. Merkel

This paper was selected from the 3rd Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG), Tunisia 2020

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Kharroubi, M., Bouselsal, B., Ouarekh, M. et al. Water quality assessment and hydrogeochemical characterization of the Ouargla complex terminal aquifer (Algerian Sahara). Arab J Geosci 15, 251 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-09438-z

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