Abstract
Flood hydrodynamic study is an important technique to assess the flood hazards in a flood-prone area. Flood inundation, flood arrival time, flood velocity, and water surface elevation are important parameters to quantify the performance of the hydrodynamic model for flood assessment; however, the sensitivity of these parameters is purely dependent on flood boundary condition, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) resolution, roughness coefficient, and 2D cell size. Therefore, to identify the efficacy of boundary conditions on flood hydrodynamic studies, a present case is performed on the Purna River, Gujarat, India. The Purna River (urban coastal) flood is considered for modeling. The downstream boundary condition is replaced with tidal waves and identify the efficacy in flood parameters in the 2D hydrodynamic condition. The HEC-RAS model is simulated with and without tidal boundary conditions. The model is validated with observed flood heights. The calibration and validation have been performed to check the adequacy and consistency of the model. The model without tide effect unveiled a high R2 value (0.9707) and low RMSE and STD values (0.7045, 0.7251) respectively, demonstrating that the model without tide effect is more efficacious and performs better. The results are elaborated with the significance of tide a flood plain. The critical flood inundation assessment with tidal boundary is an important case study to understand the role of the tidal waves on 2D floods for coastal urban areas. This study could be useful for the decision maker to prepare an efficient flood assessment and resiliency plan for coastal urban flooding.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available (https:/ earthexplorer.usgs.gov/).
Code availability
The software, HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System is openly available (www.hec.usace.army.mil › software › hec-ras).
Abbreviations
- DEM:
-
Digital Elevation Model
- HEC-RAS:
-
Hydrologic Engineering Centre River Analysis System
- 1D:
-
One-Dimensional Modeling
- 2D:
-
Two-Dimensional Modeling
- 3D:
-
Three-dimensional modeling
- SRTM:
-
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
- CH:
-
Chainage location
- CH 1:
-
Amchak
- CH 2:
-
Kavitha
- CH 3:
-
Sevasan
- CH 4:
-
Kurel
- CH 5:
-
Supa
- CH 6:
-
Pinsad
- CH 7:
-
Purna River Bridge
- CH 8:
-
Viraval
- CH 9:
-
Jalalpore
- CH 10:
-
Bodali
- N1:
-
Near Bodali Village
- N2:
-
Navsari Railway Bridge
- N3:
-
Purna River Bridge, near Viraval
- N4:
-
NH8, Purna Bridge
- N5:
-
Nagar Prathmik school Jalalpur
- N6:
-
Railway underpass
- N7:
-
South Purna Bridge
- N8:
-
Santa Devi Road
- N9:
-
Navsari Nagarpalika High School
- N10:
-
Rustamwadi, near Ramaben Hospital
- N11:
-
Fuvara, near Dumara circle
- N12:
-
Tata school
- RMSE:
-
Root Mean Square Error
- MCDM:
-
Multicriteria Decision Making
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Acknowledgements
The first author would like to express his sincere thanks to P.G Agnihotri, Professor, Research Supervisor, Water Resources Engineering Section, Department of Civil Engineering, SVNIT, Surat, for encouraging him to take up this topic and providing with all help and advice. Equal thanks to the Director, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, for providing the department infrastructural facilities. The author would like to thank Dr. Dhruvesh Patel, Associate Professor of Civil Engineering Department, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, formerly PDPU, for useful support in modeling and technical assessment during the study. The author would like to thank Mr. Bhargav Kothiya, Deputy Executive, Navsari Irrigation Circle, for providing the necessary dataset and support during the study period. The author from IHCantabria acknowledges the financial support from the Government of Cantabria through the Fénix Programme.
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Pathan, A.I., Agnihotri, P.G., Patel, D. et al. Identifying the efficacy of tidal waves on flood assessment study — a case of coastal urban flooding. Arab J Geosci 14, 2132 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08538-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08538-6