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The impact of rainfall distribution patterns on hydrological and hydraulic response in arid regions: case study Medina, Saudi Arabia

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Abstract

Rainfall distribution patterns (RDPs) are crucial for hydrologic design. Hydrologic modeling is based on Soil Conservation Services (SCS) type RDPs (SCS type I, IA, II, and III). SCS type II method is widely used by hydrologists in arid regions. These RDPs were designed for the USA and similar temperate regions. There is no scientific justification for using SCS type II method in arid regions. The consequences of using SCS type II have impacts on the hydrologic and hydraulic modeling studies. The current paper investigates the validity of the SCS type II and in arid regions. New temporal RDPs were applied and compared with SCS type II RDPs. The produced peak discharges, volumes, maximum inundation depths, top widths, and velocities from both approaches were analyzed. An application is made on the protection channel in Taibah and Islamic Universities campuses in Medina, Saudi Arabia. A methodology was followed which included frequency analysis, catchment modeling, hydrological modeling, and hydraulic modeling. Results indicated that there are considerable consequences on infrastructural design, and hydrologic and hydraulic parameters if inappropriate RDPs are used. The investigation confirmed that the SCS type RDPs do not reflect the actual flood features in arid regions.

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Acknowledgments

This article is one of the outcomes of KASCT-funded research project ART 34-46. We appreciate the KACST funding of the project.

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Author notes

  1. Kashif Noor

    Present address: Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, college of Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Abdulrazzak & Mostafa Kassab

  2. Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management—Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Amro Elfeki, Ahmed Samy Kamis, Nassir Alamri, Kashif Noor & Anis Chaabani

  3. Laboratoire de Recherche de Géodésie (LAREG), Université Paris-Est Marne-La-Vallée (UPEM), Paris, France

    Anis Chaabani

Authors
  1. Mohamed Abdulrazzak
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  2. Amro Elfeki
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  3. Ahmed Samy Kamis
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  4. Mostafa Kassab
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  5. Nassir Alamri
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  6. Kashif Noor
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  7. Anis Chaabani
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Correspondence to Ahmed Samy Kamis.

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Abdulrazzak, M., Elfeki, A., Kamis, A.S. et al. The impact of rainfall distribution patterns on hydrological and hydraulic response in arid regions: case study Medina, Saudi Arabia. Arab J Geosci 11, 679 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-4043-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-4043-z

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