Samenvatting
Een kind verliezen aan kanker verhoogt het risico op verminderde eigenwaarde bij de achtergebleven broers en/of zussen. Daarnaast hebben de ouders vaak te kampen met depressieve symptomen en gaan zij op een andere manier communiceren met hun kinderen. Maar er is nog maar weinig onderzoek gedaan naar de gezinsfactoren die gerelateerd zijn aan de eigenwaarde van een kind dat een broer of zus aan kanker heeft verloren. Daarom hebben wij onderzoek gedaan naar: (a) verschillen in de depressieve symptomen van de ouders, de communicatie tussen ouder en kind, de eigenwaarde van de broer/zus in gezinnen die een kind hadden verloren en gezinnen in de controlegroep; en (b) de indirecte effecten van de depressieve symptomen van de ouders en de kwaliteit van de communicatie op rouw en de eigenwaarde van de broer/zus. Gezinnen van een kind dat drie tot twaalf maanden daarvoor is overleden aan kanker konden zich aanmelden voor de studie. Na de aanmelding hebben deze gezinnen (n = 72) en de controlegezinnen van klasgenoten (n = 58) thuis een vragenlijst ingevuld (T1). 48 Gezinnen in de onderzoeksgroep en 45 gezinnen in de controlegroep hebben deelgenomen aan de follow-up na 1 jaar (T2). Vergeleken met de controlegroep hadden de moeders in de onderzoeksgroep op T1 en T2 meer depressieve symptomen, maar de vaders niet. De broers/zussen uit de onderzoeksgroep maakten melding van slechtere communicatie met de moeder, vergelijkbare communicatie met de vader en van een gelijk niveau van eigenwaarde vergeleken met de controlegroep. De cross-sectionele en longitudinale seriële mediatiemodellen voor de moeders waren significant. De moeders uit de onderzoeksgroep hadden een groter risico op depressieve symptomen, wat in de loop van de tijd een nadelig effect had op de eigenwaarde van de kinderen door de verstoorde communicatie tussen moeder en kind. De steekproef met vaders was klein, maar het cross-sectionele model was niet-significant. Moeders en vaders kunnen op andere manieren rouwen en hebben daarom misschien baat bij verschillende therapeutische benaderingen. Gezinsgerichte interventies zouden gericht moeten zijn op de emotionele aanpassing en communicatie van de moeders, zodat de eigenwaarde van de broer of zus verbetert. Ook zouden behandelaars andere steunbronnen moeten aanboren voor betere adaptieve uitkomsten van de broers en zussen.
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This material originally appeared in English as: “Associations Between Parental Depression, Communication, and Self-Worth of Siblings Bereaved by Cancer (2023).” Journal of Family Psychology, 2023, Vol. 37, No. 8, 1190–1199. Copyright 2024 by the American Psychological Association. Translated and reproduced with permission. The AmericanPsychological Association is not responsible for the accuracy of the translation. This translation cannot be reproduced ordistributed further without prior written permission from APA. The use of this information does not imply endorsement by the publisher. Vertaling: Monica Keijsers, Leusden.
De auteurs geven aan hoe zij hun steekproefgrootte, gegevensuitsluitingen, manipulaties en meetinstrumenten in de studie hebben bepaald en volgen de Transparency and Openness Promotion (Nosek et al. 2015) en Journal Article Reporting Standards (Appelbaum et al. 2018). Het materiaal en de analysecode voor deze studie zijn op verzoek verkrijgbaar bij de senior auteur, Cynthia A. Gerhardt. Deze studie is niet voorgeregistreerd. Deze gegevens zijn gepresenteerd op de Nationwide Children’s Hospital Annual Research Retreat in 2021 en Society of Pediatric Psychology Annual Conference in 2022. Deze studie is gefinancierd door het National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (R01 CA98217 voor Cynthia A. Gerhardt) en met intramurale steun van het Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. The corresponderende auteur is gefinancierd door het National Cancer Institute Diversity Supplement (R01 CA248103-01A1W2). De auteurs danken gezinnen die hebben deelgenomen aan deze studie. De auteurs geven aan dat er voor zover bekend geen sprake is van belangenverstrengeling.
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Garcia, D., Olsavsky, A.L., Hill, K.N. et al. De relatie tussen depressie van een ouder, communicatie en eigenwaarde van kinderen die een broer of zus aan kanker hebben verloren. Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12440-024-00222-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12440-024-00222-x