Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of Brassinolide with Naphthalene Acetic Acid on the Formation of Adventitious Roots, Trichome-Like Roots and Calli from Cultured Tobacco Leaf Segments, and the Expression Patterns of CNT103

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Plant Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We treated cultured tobacco leaf segments with brassinolide (BL) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and determined that optimum concentrations of NAA for adventitious root, trichome-like root, and calli formation were, respectively, 10−6, 10−5, and 10−4 M. In the adventitious root formation group, the number and length of adventitious roots were increased at lower concentrations of BL; however, they became trichome-like roots at higher levels of BL. The trichome-like root formation group showed better development when a low concentration of BL was added. However, at higher concentrations of BL, trichome-like root production was reduced, forming calli instead. In the calli formation group, more calli were formed at low BL concentrations and after persistent exposure to BL regardless of BL concentration, and the size of the leaf segments increased. The CNT103 gene, which is expressed at the root tips showed increased levels of expression at BL concentrations up to 10−9 M and decreased levels of expression at BL concentrations over 10−9 M in the adventitious roots, trichome-like roots, and calli formation groups.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bao F, Shen J, Brady SR, Muday CK, Asmi T, Yang Z (2004) Brassinosteroids interact with auxin to promote lateral root development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 134:1624–1633

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benjamins R, Malenica N, Luschnig C (2005) Regulating the regulator: the control of auxin transport. Bioassays. 27:1246–1255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackesley D, Weston GD, Hall JF (1991) The role of endogenous auxin in root nitiation. I. Evidence from studies on auxin application, and analysis of endogenous levels. Plant Growth Regul 10:341–353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blakeslee JJ, Peer WA, Murphy AS (2005) Auxin transport. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 8:494–500

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burström HG (1969) Influence of the tonic effect of gravitation and auxin on cell elongation and polarity in roots. Am. J. Bot. 56:679–684

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casimiro I, Marchant A, Bhalerao RP, Beeckman T, Dhooge S, Swarup R, Graham N, Inzé D, Samdberg G, Casero PJ, Bennett M (2001) Auxin transport promotes Arabidopsis lateral root initiation. Plant Cell 13:843–852

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Charlton WA (1996) Lateral root initiation. In: Waisel Y, Eshel A, Kafkafi U (eds) Plant roots: the hidden half, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 149–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Clouse SD (1996) Molecular genetic studies confirm the role of brassinosteroids in plant growth and development. Plant J. 10:1–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evans ML, Ishikawa H, Estalle M (1994) Responses of Arabidopsis roots to auxin studied with high temporal resolution: comparison of wild type and xin-response mutants. Planta 194:215–222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goda H, Shimada Y, Asami T, Fujioka S, Yoshida S (2002) Microarray analysis of brassinosteroid-regulated genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 130:1319–1334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goda H, Shimada Y, Asami T, Fujioka S, Yoshida S, Shinmada Y (2004) Comprehensive comparison of auxin-related and brassinosteroid-regulated genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 134:1555–1573

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grove MD, Spencer GF, Rohwedder WK, Mandava NB, Worley JF, Warthen JD, Steffens GL, Flippen-Anderson JL, Cook JC (1979) Brassinolide a plant growth-promoting steroid isolated from Brassica napus pollen. Nature 281:216–217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gus’kove AV, Zemskaya VA, Agalarzade GB, Kalaibernnya ZB, Chernikova LM (1985) Changes of auxin oxidase activity in bean cuttings taking root under the influence of IAA and 2,4-D. Fiziologya Rastenii 32:1137–1144

    Google Scholar 

  • Han TJ, Kim IH, Kim SR, Kim JC, Im CJ (1999) Organ formation-the formation of adventitious roots, trichomes and calli from leaf segments of Arabidopsis thaliana by naphthalene acetic acid concentrations, and their determination times. Kor. J of Plant Tiss. Cult. 26:211–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann HT, Kester DE, Davies FT Jr (1990) Plant propagation: principles and practices, 5th edn. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, pp 199–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH (2006) Effects of brassinosteroid in adventitious root formation from the cultured leaf segments of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Thesis, Hallym university, Kangwon-do, Korea

  • Jeon MG, Jo HI, Han TJ (1998) Effect of polyamines on adventitious root formation from tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum) leaf segments. J Plant Biol. 41:31–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jurgen L, Schell J, Willmitzer L (1987) Improve method for the isolation of RNA from plant tissue. Anal Biochem 163:16–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SL, Han TJ (2003) Determination times for induction of adventitious shoots, roots, trichomes, and calli from segments of Arabidopsis thaliana by NAA and BA. Kor. J of Plant Tiss. Cult. 30:161–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim SK, Chang SC, Lee EJ, Chung WS, Kim YS, Hwang S, Lee JS (2000) Involvement of brassinosteroids in the gravitropic response of primary root of maize. Plant Physiol. 123:997–1004

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim HY, Park PJ, Hwang HJ, Lee SY, Oh MH, Kim SG (2005) Brassinosteroid signals control expression of the AXR/IAA17 gene in the cross-talk point with auxin in root development. Development of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, pp 151–742

  • Kim SL, Lee Y, Lee SH, Kim SH, Han TJ, Kim SK (2008) Brassinolide influences the regeneration of adventitious shoots from cultured leaf disks of tobacco. J. Plant Bio. 51:221–226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu JH, Reid DM (1992) Adventitious rooting in hypocotyl of sun flower seedlings. Physiol. Plant. 86:285–292

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lovell PH, White J (1986) Anatomical changes during adventitious root formation. In: Jackson MB (ed) New root formation in plants and cuttings. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, pp 111–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Mandava NB (1988) Plant growth-promoting brassinosteroids. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 39:23–52

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meudt WJ (1987) Investigations on the mechanism of the brassinosteroid response: VI. Effect of brassinolide on gravitropism of bean hypocotyls. Plant Physiol 83:195–198

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JW, Mandava N, Worley JF, Plimmer JR, Smith MV (1970) Brassins-a new family of plant hormones from rape pollen. Nature 225:1065–1066

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mouchel CF, Osmont KS, Hardtke CS (2006) BRX mediates feedback between brassinosteroid levels and auxin signalling in root growth. Nature 443:458–461

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Müssig C, Fischer S, Altmann T (2002) Brassinosteroid-regulated gene expression. Plant Physiol. 129:1241–1251

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Müssig C, Shin Gh, Altman T (2003) Brassinosteroids promote root growth in Arabidopsis. Plant physiol. 133:1261–1271

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roddick JG, Guan M (1991) Brassinosteroid and root development. In: Cutler HG, Yokoda T, Adam G (eds) 1991 Brassinosteroids chemistry bioactivity and applications. Am. Chem. Soc, Washington, pp 231–45

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sambrook J et al (1989) Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY

  • Sasse JM (1994) Brassinosteroids and roots. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 21:228–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Sasse JM (1999) Physiological actions of brassinosteroids. In: Sakurai A, Yokota T, Clouse SD (eds) Brassinosteroids: steroidal plant hormones. Springer, Tokyo, pp 137–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlagnhaufer CD, Arteca RN (1991) The uptake and metabolism of brassinosteroid by tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plant. J Plant Physiology 138:191–194

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song Y, You J, Xiong L (2009) Characterization of OsIAA1 gene, a member of rice Aux/IAA family involved in auxin and brassinosteroid hormone responses and plant morphogenesis. Plant Mol Biol 70:297–309

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van der Zaal EJ, Droog FNJ, Boot CJM, Hensgens LAM, Hoge JHC, Schilperoort RA, Libbenga KR (1991) Promotoers of auxin-induced genes from tabacco can lead to auxin-inducible and root tip-specific expression. Plant Mol Biol 16:983–998

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yopp JH, Mandava NB, Sasse JM (1981) Brassinolide, a growth-promoting steroidal lactone: I. Activity in selected auxin bioassays. Physiol. Plant. 53:445–452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Hallym University Research Fund, 2004 (HRF-2004-31) and MEST/KOSEF (R01-2007-000-20074-0).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 200-702, South Korea

    Min-Suk Kwak, In-Hyeon Kim & Tae-Jin Han

  2. Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, South Korea

    Seong-Ki Kim

Authors
  1. Min-Suk Kwak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. In-Hyeon Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Seong-Ki Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Tae-Jin Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Seong-Ki Kim or Tae-Jin Han.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kwak, MS., Kim, IH., Kim, SK. et al. Effects of Brassinolide with Naphthalene Acetic Acid on the Formation of Adventitious Roots, Trichome-Like Roots and Calli from Cultured Tobacco Leaf Segments, and the Expression Patterns of CNT103 . J. Plant Biol. 52, 511–517 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-009-9066-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-009-9066-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation