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The Need for Protecting, Promoting, and Managing a Quaternary Geoheritage Site: Bahluieț Valley at Costești Village (Moldavian Plateau, North-Eastern Romania)

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Abstract

The Bahluieț Valley at Costești village geosite has recently been studied and proposed as a geoheritage site. Previous investigations of the study area were focused on the Costești-Cier archaeological site, which is currently integrated into the National Archaeological Repertoire. In this archaeological site, different levels of populations have been studied (Eneolithic Cucuteni A, Cucuteni AB, and Horodiștea-Erbiceni Culture populations) as well as an earth wall from La Tene (8th‒10th/eleventh century BC) and a 15th‒seventeenth century AD necropolis. In the area of the present-day Costești village, Bahluieț River leaves the Suceava Plateau area (with altitudes of 350‒550 m a.s.l.) and enters the Jijia Hills (with altitudes of 50 to 200 m a.s.l.), flowing between Ulmiș Hill (306 m a.s.l., at north) and Ruginii Hill (326 m a.s.l., at the south). This valley, which is incised more than 100 m below the plateau level, suddenly becomes broader because of massive Late Pleistocene landslides that covered the former Bahluieț river floodplain and are now fossilized by fluvial deposits. During the Holocene, river incision detached paleochannels and fluvial terraces, while the landslides reactivated through retrogressive mechanisms, creating a complex landslide. A cut-off meander island hosts the Costești-Cier archaeological site, which is currently being actively eroded by the river. In the riverbank of this island, a multi-layered stratigraphy can be seen, consisting of landslide and fluvial deposits, palaeosols, and archaeological remains. The layered deposits, the complex landslide, and the fluvial processes have the potential to become one of the most representative Quaternary sites of the Moldavian Plateau and Romania. By using geomorphosite assessment, geomorphological mapping, optically stimulated luminescence dating, and concepts of geoconservation, I show (i) the importance of the geosite due to the presence of the oldest dated fossil landslide in Romania and to the landslide-fluvial-archaeological relations and (ii) the need for protection at local, regional, and national levels considering the active processes that affect the site. I propose a geoconservation strategy for management and promotion of the geoheritage site.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant of the “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, within the Research Grants program, Grant UAIC, code GI-UAIC-2017-07. I wish to thank Bobi Apăvăloaiei and Virgil Băbîi from Iași County Directorate for Culture for the approval of OSL sampling and to György Sipos from Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, Szeged University, for the OSL dating. I gratefully thank my colleagues Mihai Ciprian Mărgărint, Nicușor Necula, and Valeriu Stoilov-Linu, for their help in the fieldwork. I thank archaeologists Sergiu Enea and Dumitru Boghean for approving the use of the images in Figs. 8 and 9. Sincere thanks go to Ian S. Evans for his diligent English proofreading of the article.

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  1. Geography Department, Geography and Geology Faculty, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Carol I, 20A, 705505, Iași, Romania

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Geoheritage and Conservation: Modern Approaches and Applications Towards the 2030 Agenda, IX ProGEO Symposium, Poland, 25-28th June, 2018

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Niculiță, M. The Need for Protecting, Promoting, and Managing a Quaternary Geoheritage Site: Bahluieț Valley at Costești Village (Moldavian Plateau, North-Eastern Romania). Geoheritage 14, 21 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-022-00645-4

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