Skip to main content
Log in

Nutritional intervention helps pharmacology in the management of the metabolic syndrome

  • Review
  • Published:
Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Abstract

In this article, we critically address the contribution of dietary advice to the overall strategy of prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. In particular, we underline how an appropriate choice of food items and nutrients should anticipate or accompany pharmacological therapy (often greatly limiting the use of drugs).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gade W, Schmit J, Collins M, Gade J (2010) Beyond obesity: the diagnosis and pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. Clin Lab Sci 23:51–61

    Google Scholar 

  2. Esposito K, Marfella R, Ciotola M, Di Palo C, Giugliano F, Giugliano G et al (2004) Effect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial. JAMA 292:1440–1446

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Trichopoulou A, Critselis E (2004) Mediterranean diet and longevity. Eur J Cancer Prev 13:453–456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Meksawan K, Venkatraman JT, Awad AB, Pendergast DR (2004) Effect of dietary fat intake and exercise on inflammatory mediators of the immune system in sedentary men and women. J Am Coll Nutr 23:331–340

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Volek JS, Phinney SD, Forsythe CE, Quann EE, Wood RJ, Puglisi MJ et al (2009) Carbohydrate restriction has a more favorable impact on the metabolic syndrome than a low fat diet. Lipids 44:297–309

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kendall CW, Josse AR, Esfahani A, Jenkins DJ (2010) Nuts, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Br J Nutr 5:1–9

    Google Scholar 

  7. EFSA Panel N on Dietetic Products utrition, Allergies (2010) Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre. EFSA J 8:1462

    Google Scholar 

  8. Richard D, Bausero P, Schneider C, Visioli F (2009) Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 66:3277–3288

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Minihane AM (2010) Fatty acid–genotype interactions and cardiovascular risk. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 82:259–264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rosenson RS, Gelb MH (2009) Secretory phospholipase A2: a multifaceted family of proatherogenic enzymes. Curr Cardiol Rep 11:445–451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Richard D, Kefi K, Barbe U, Bausero P, Visioli F (2008) Polyunsaturated fatty acids as antioxidants. Pharmacol Res 57:451–455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Richard D, Wolf C, Barbe U, Kefi K, Bausero P, Visioli F (2009) Docosahexaenoic acid down-regulates endothelial Nox 4 through a sPLA2 signalling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 389:516–522

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Le Guennec JY, Jude S, Besson P, Martel E, Champeroux P (2010) Cardioprotection by omega-3 fatty acids: involvement of PKCs? Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 82:173–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Visioli F, Galli C (2002) Biological properties of olive oil phytochemicals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 42:209–221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bogani P, Galli C, Villa M, Visioli F (2007) Postprandial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of extra virgin olive oil. Atherosclerosis 190:181–186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Covas MI (2007) Olive oil and the cardiovascular system. Pharmacol Res 55:175–186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Visioli F, Hagen TM (2007) Nutritional strategies for healthy cardiovascular aging: focus on micronutrients. Pharmacol Res 55:199–206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ames BN (2006) Low micronutrient intake may accelerate the degenerative diseases of aging through allocation of scarce micronutrients by triage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:17589–17594

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Gokce N, Keaney JF Jr, Frei B, Holbrook M, Olesiak M, Zachariah BJ et al (1999) Long-term ascorbic acid administration reverses endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 99:3234–3240

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Duffy SJ, Gokce N, Holbrook M, Huang A, Frei B, Keaney JF Jr et al (1999) Treatment of hypertension with ascorbic acid. Lancet 354:2048–2049

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. The Local Food Nutraceutical Consortium (2005) Understanding local Mediterranean diets: a multidisciplinary pharmacological and ethnobotanical approach. Pharmacol Res 52:353–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Huang TH, Teoh AW, Lin BL, Lin DS, Roufogalis B (2009) The role of herbal PPAR modulators in the treatment of cardiometabolic syndrome. Pharmacol Res 60:195–206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Richard D, Kefi K, Barbe U, Poli A, Bausero P, Visioli F (2009) Weight and plasma lipid control by decaffeinated green tea. Pharmacol Res 59:351–354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Shay KP, Moreau RF, Smith EJ, Smith AR, Hagen TM (2009) Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Biochim Biophys Acta 1790:1149–1160

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Albert MA, Glynn RJ, Ridker PM (2003) Alcohol consumption and plasma concentration of C-reactive protein. Circulation 107:443–447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Alkerwi A, Boutsen M, Vaillant M, Barre J, Lair ML, Albert A et al (2009) Alcohol consumption and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Atherosclerosis 204:624–635

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Ducimetiere P (2009) Alimentation et risque coronaire. Le paradox française n’a plus lieu d’être. Questions de Santé Publique 6:1–4

    Google Scholar 

  28. Soleas GJ, Diamandis EP, Goldberg DM (1997) Resveratrol: a molecule whose time has come? And gone? Clin Biochem 30:91–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francesco Visioli.

About this article

Cite this article

Visioli, F., Poli, A. & Paoletti, R. Nutritional intervention helps pharmacology in the management of the metabolic syndrome. Mediterr J Nutr Metab 3, 203–207 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12349-010-0024-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12349-010-0024-9

Keywords

Navigation