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Effect of Oestrogen on Altering the Serum and Urinary Levels of Calcium, Phosphate and Magnesium in Hysterectomised Women Compared to Natural Menopausal South Indian Women: A Case Control Study

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Abstract

Given the paucity of studies conducted to know the effect of suddenness and earlier onset of endocrinological changes associated with hysterectomy, on the serum and urinary levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate the present study was conducted to compare the levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate in serum and urine of hysterectomised and natural menopausal south Indian women. This is a cross-sectional observational study. The study included three groups of 30 healthy premenopausal, 30 early surgical menopausal and 30 natural post menopausal women. Women suffering from any endocrine disease were excluded. Analysis was performed in serum and urine sample. The levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate in serum and calcium/creatinine, magnesium/creatinine and phosphate/creatinine ratio were estimated in urine by spectrophotometric method. Hysterectomised women (serum calcium: 8.7 ± 0.09 mg/dl; urine calcium/creatinine: 0.16 ± 0.02) have significantly low serum calcium (p < 0.001) and high urinary calcium/creatinine (p = 0.002) ratio and post menopausal women (serum magnesium: 2.1 ± 0.03; serum phosphate: 4.4 ± 0.16; urinary calcium/creatinine: 0.17 ± 0.02; urinary magnesium/creatinine: 0.09 ± 0.01) have significantly high serum magnesium (p = 0.016), serum phosphate (p = 0.043) and high urinary calcium/creatinine (p = 0.002), magnesium/creatinine ratio (p = 0.025) compared to healthy pre menopausal women. Post menopausal women (serum calcium: 9.1 ± 0.08) have significantly high serum calcium and phosphate compared to hysterectomised women (serum phosphate: 3.93 ± 0.11). Hysterectomised women have significantly low serum calcium, oestrogen and high urinary calcium/creatinine ratio compared to healthy premenopausal women and low serum calcium and low serum phosphate compared to natural postmenopausal women. Natural postmenopausal women had low serum oestrogen and high serum magnesium, serum phosphate, urinary calcium creatinine ratio and urinary magnesium creatinine ratio compared to healthy premenopausal women.

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Acknowledgments

All the authors acknowledge that this study was funded by the STS (Short Term Student) 2013 Grant given through ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research).

Funding

This study was funded by ICMR (ICMR-STS-2013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

    Yeldose Sonu

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575002, India

    S. S. Avinash, K. Arun Kumar, M. Malathi & A. R. Shivashankara

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India

    Sreekantha

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  1. Yeldose Sonu
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  2. S. S. Avinash
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  3. Sreekantha
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  4. K. Arun Kumar
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  5. M. Malathi
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  6. A. R. Shivashankara
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. S. Avinash.

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Conflict of interest

Sonu Yeldose has received research Grants from ICMR. Sonu Yeldose, Avinash S S, Sreekantha, Arun Kumar K, Malathi M, Shivashankara A R declares that we have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights Statement

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Ethical Approval

Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical committee of Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore (FMMC/IEC/716/2012).

Informed Consent

All authors declare that written informed consent was obtained from the patient (or other approved parties) for publication of this case report and accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the editorial office/chief editor/editorial board members of this journal.

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Sonu, Y., Avinash, S.S., Sreekantha et al. Effect of Oestrogen on Altering the Serum and Urinary Levels of Calcium, Phosphate and Magnesium in Hysterectomised Women Compared to Natural Menopausal South Indian Women: A Case Control Study. Ind J Clin Biochem 31, 326–331 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-015-0532-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-015-0532-y

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